Occupational Therapy Theories

Front 1

OT theories are shaped around what activities?

Back 1

1- work
2- self-care
3- leisure (play)

Front 2

What is the occupationl therapy assumption? (based on the medical assumption)

Back 2

Use an occupation to structure, manipulate & remediate occupational dysfunctions. Should lead to a purposeful activity

Front 3

How is leisure defined? (3 points)

Back 3

1- leisure time (the no work or self care time)
2- acitvity (a personal definition)
3- state of mind

Front 4

What are the qualifying qualities that indicate a state of leisure?

Back 4

1-freedom of choice
2-intrinsic motivation
3-enjoyment
4-aesthetic appreciation
5-sense of relaxation
6-novelty (exploring)
7- sense of companionship/intimacy (can be with an object/place)
8. lack of evaluation or judgment

Front 5

How is play different from leisure?

Back 5

Play has the components of leisure PLUS it's spontaneous, random and/or direct.

Front 6

What are the themes that constitute work?

Back 6

1-knowledge aquisition of task & social events
2-acquire skills and habits
* help acquire self-confidence
3-acquire economic benefits
4-good citizenship (you feel you're contributing to the comm)
5-prevention and cure
6-religion and morality
7-quality of life

Front 7

What are the 4 functions of work?

Back 7

#1 is it provides STRUCTURE
#2 provides RELATIONSHIPS
#3 social STATUS
#4 ECONOMIC INCOME

Front 8

ADAPTIVE SKILLS OT THEORY:
What are the 6 areas of skills?

Back 8

1-senosry integration skill
2-cognitive skill
3-dyadic interaction skill
4-group interaction skill
5-self-identity skill
6-sexual identity skill

Front 9

What theory is adaptive skills based on?

Back 9

Erickson developmental model

Front 10

What is the shortfall of the adaptive skills theory

Back 10

it takes a long time, so it is not well suited to short term treatment.

Front 11

ROLE ACQUISITION and SOCIAL TRAINING OT THEORY:
What is role acquisition based on?

Back 11

behavioral (learned behavior) and especially from cognitive-behavioral thoery (actions based on beliefs). It also relies on developmental concepts

Front 12

What is the goal of the role acquistion approach?

Back 12

to help person acquire the specific skills needed to function in the occupational and social roles chosen.

Front 13

What are the 10 areas of TX?

Back 13

1-Pt identifying problems and goals
2-Choose goals that reflect pt's interest, culture, values and roles
3-Activities must be challenging but at pt's level
4-Grade activity as pt improves
5-Present skills in their natural developmental sequence
6-Pt should be aware of what s/he is supposed to be learning.
7-Feedback of pt's actions important
8-Practice the role repeatedly
9-Break down task if whole is too much. Teach the whole activity
10-Learn by imitation

Front 14

ROLE ACQUISITION and SOCIAL TRAINING OT THEORY:
What is the 4 X 4 in social training?

Back 14

that the four groups:
1) self-expressive
2) other-enhancing skills
3) Assertive skills
4) Communication skills
have to follow the 4 phases to develop social skills for that group:
1) Motivation (WII:fm)
2) demonstration
3) practice
4) feedback

Front 15

On what does psychoeducation emphasize its approach?

Back 15

Education theory to promote behavioral change.

Front 16

How is psychoeduacation approach similar to teaching a class?

Back 16

Need to set up lessons that go over what needs to be learned. Direct teaching and training.

Front 17

Can this approach be used in the acute setting?

Back 17

NO!!
Pt is not ready, may not care, or be in denial

Front 18

What is the SENSORY INTEGRATION theory based on?

Back 18

Neuroscience studies of the brain.

Front 19

Summarize in a quote the non fluidity of movement; that it is not automatic, that it is thought out in the chronic psychotic pts.

Back 19

"Decompensation of movement"

Front 20

What is the sensory integration assumption?

Back 20

that there is a dysfunction in the CNS and through external input re-organization of the CNS is facilitated.

Front 21

Why isn't this approach used much currently?

Back 21

It is a long treatment process and institutional stays are not as long as they used to be.

Front 22

What is MOHO

Back 22

An open system, where the human acts on the enviornment (output) by taking energy/info from the environment (intake). Intake is scanning/searching environment for info. The feedback can be accepted or not. The process of turning intake and feedback into action (output) is throughput.

Front 23

What is throughtput?

Back 23

the process of organizing, evaluating and reorganizing info from within SELF (memory)and from environment.

Front 24

What are the three categories of throughput

Back 24

1 VOLITION
2 HABITUATION
3 PERFORMANCE skills

Front 25

What are the subcategories of volition? and their subcategories?

Back 25

- Personal Causation
*belief in skill
*belief in efficacy of skill
*expectancy of success or failure
*internal/external control
- Value
*Temporal orientation
*meaningfulness of activity
*occupational goals
*Personal Stds
- Interest
*discrimination
*pattern
*potency

Front 26

What are the subcategories of habituation? and their subcategories?

Back 26

-Roles
*perceived incumbency
*internalized expectations
*balance
-Habits
*degree of organization
*social appropriateness
*flex/regid

Front 27

What are the subcategories of performance skills? and their subcategories?

Back 27

-Interpersonal/comm
-Process
-Perceptual Motor

Front 28

What is the main focus in the (Allen) Cognitive disabilities theory?

Back 28

1) evaluate the cognitive level and follow changes
2) ...so you can Compensate to achieve meaningful function

Front 29

Name the 6 cognitive levels:

Back 29

Level one: automatic action
Level two: postural actions
Level three: manual actions
Level four: goal directed
Level five: exploratory actions
Level six: Planned Action

Front 30

What are the characteristics of level one pts (briefly)?

Back 30

-TNC
-autonomic nerv system
-conscious but responds to internal stimuli
-behavior looks reflexsive

Front 31

What are the characteristics of level two pts (briefly)?

Back 31

-TNC
-walking is a big accomplishment
-may be able to feed self, but may not be able to open containers (no problem solving)

Front 32

What are the characteristics of level three pts (briefly)?

Back 32

-TNS
-Hands discovered. Everything is about the fine motor action
-some limited knowledge of the 'now'
-can focus about 1/2 hr

Front 33

What are the characteristics of level 4 pts (briefly)?

Back 33

-Supervision (may live in community)
-ability to process motor and sensory info
-can do immediate STG
-relies on visual cues
-follow routine, do rote activities

Front 34

What are the characteristics of level 5 pts (briefly)?

Back 34

-Independent
-trial and error
-experimental w/ problem solving
-new learning is being used

Front 35

What are the characteristics of level 6 pts (briefly)?

Back 35

normal, no disabilities

Front 36

How is cognitive disabilities differ from sensori integration?

Back 36

cognitive disabilities theory does NOT believe that CNS can be impacted, especially chronic cases.