Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
229 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Symptoms of Uveitis- include pain (due to CN ___ innervation), photophobia (due to constriction of iris aggravating CN ___) and lacrimation due to CN ____.
|
V
V V in pons links to VII, which stimulates lacrimation |
|
|
Signs of this include Cells, Keratic Percipitates, Circumlimbal flush, and a Red eye
|
Uveitits
|
|
|
A collection of WBC on the endothelium is known as
|
Keratic Percipitates
|
|
|
What are the 5 types of WBCs seen in CELLS and flare(protein?)
|
lymphycytes
macrophages/monocytes basophils eosinophils Nuetrophils- the FIRST cells present |
|
|
T/F Non-granulomatous uveitits usually has all five types of WBC present
|
FALSE
usually just NEUTROPHILS |
|
|
Granulomatous uveitis presents with all ______ types of WBC presnt and is indicative that the patient has an underlying ______
|
5
systemic disease |
|
|
2 Types of Anterior uveitits
|
Iritis
Iridocyclists, more pain because ciliary body is inflamed |
|
|
SNOW BANKING of WBC overlying the pars plana may be prevelent in this type of uveitits
|
Intermediate
|
|
|
Causes of intermeidate uvevitis
|
Sarcoidosis, MS, and lyme disease
|
|
|
___ uveitis involves inflamamtion of the retina, choriod and blood vessels
|
posterior
|
|
|
Panuveitis involves
|
the entire uveal tract, retina, choriod, ciliary ody, and iris are all infalmed!!
|
|
|
T/F VA's may decrease if patient has uveittis
|
T
|
|
|
Will pupils respond to light well if the patient has uveititis?
|
MAY not move well due to inflammation, the pupil may be smaler than its noninfected pupil due to congestion of the itits
|
|
|
T/F EOMS are usually effected during uveitis
|
F
|
|
|
____, also known as macular Pucker or Cellophane Retinopathy occurs during uveitis due to
|
PVD
inflammed onditions causes asttrocytes and mueller cells to be stimulated |
|
|
________uveitis is also known as mutton fat, big greasy WBC aggregations
|
Granulomatous
|
|
|
AC cells are primarily ____ in most cases of anterior uveitits
|
lymphocytes
neutrophils are usually present first |
|
|
Grading AC cells
Grade 1= 2= 3= 4= |
10 cells
20 20-50 >50 |
|
|
Grading AC Flare
1= 2= 3= 4= |
Very slight
Moderate Marked (cant see iris or lens clearly) Intense (fibrin clot forms in AC) |
|
|
A collection of leukocytes that settle in the lower angle of the anterior chamber is known as _________ and is associated with Bechets, and endophthalmitis
|
Hypopyon
|
|
|
Id you see posterior synechiae, your plan of action in clinic involves
|
putting gonio on their eye
could zipper the angle shut and cause secondary angle closure glaucoma |
|
|
Koepee nodule is indicative of system disease and occurs
|
on the pupillary boder
|
|
|
This type of iris nodule occurs on the iris surface away from the border
|
Busacca
|
|
|
This type of cataracts is usually doe to long ter muse of corticosteriods or underlying inflammation
|
Posterior subcapsular cataracts
white in color and located diretly beneath the capsule |
|
|
When you see cells in the vitreous the patiemt may have ___, a a result from sarcoidosis or toxoplasmosis
|
retinitis
|
|
|
If patient has granulomatous uveitis and rash on their palms and soles of their feet they may have
|
syphillis
|
|
|
#1 cause of anterior uveitis is
|
IDIOPATHIC
|
|
|
4 causes of intermediate uveitis
|
sarcoidosis
IBS (chron's, ulcerative) MS Lyme |
|
|
Causes of _____ include Syphillis, Sarcoidosis, VKH, Infectious endophthalmitis, and echet's disease
|
Panuveitis
|
|
|
This disease can cause all possible types of uveitis
|
Sarcoidosis
|
|
|
Most common cause of posterior uveitis
|
Toxoplasmosis
|
|
|
These 3 test s should ALWAYS be done if patient has uveitis
|
Complete Blood Count
SMA-12 Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate CBC SMA-12 ERS |
|
|
Test for Lupus and JRA
|
Anti-nuclear Antbiody
ANA |
|
|
Rheumatoid artritis blood test
|
Rhuematoid Factor
RF NOT useful in JRA |
|
|
HLA-B27 is used to test=
|
Anklosing spondylitits, Reiters, IBS
|
|
|
If you think your patient has Sarcoidosis or TB, order this test
|
Chest X-ray
ACE test also for Sarcoidosis PPD for TB |
|
|
ELISA is a test used to detect what 2 diseases?
|
Lyme
HIV |
|
|
Wegner's Granulomatosis is tested via
|
ANCA
|
|
|
Syphilis tests include
|
RPR, FTA-ABS, VDRI, MHA-TP
|
|
|
A butterfly rash on patients face implies they may have
|
Lupus
|
|
|
Reiter's snydrome includes
|
arhritis, uethritis, and uveitis
also have wrist/ankle pain Chlamydia is precursor |
|
|
Dosing schedule of Pred Forte for someone with uveitis
|
q15-30 minutes for the first 6 hours
Q1 our for the remainder of the day and day 2 Q2 hours for day 2 QID X 1 week, TID x 1 week, BID x 1week, qD X 1 week You must taper!! See your patient on day 2 |
|
|
The best cycloplegia to use on your uveitis patient
|
Scopolamine BID for first week, qD second week
|
|
|
What questions are asked to ensure no contraindications before prescribing oral prednisone to your uveitic patient?
|
Are you diabetic, pregnant, immunocompromised, peptic ulcered?
ALWAYS disepense as 10 mg tables |
|
|
Dosing schedule for oral pred. for your uveitic patiemt?
|
4 tablets PO 2 days
Three tablets PO 2 days Two tablets PO 2 days 1 tablet PO for 1 day Take with food |
|
|
General Treatment for anterior uveitis?
|
Steriod and cycloplegia
|
|
|
Will the patient be in more pain if they have iritis or iridocyclitis?
|
Iridocyclitits, and will also have the circumlimbal flash that is not present in iritis
|
|
|
Difference between conjunctivitis and uveitits?
|
If its conjunctivitis, palpebral conj will be inflamed
|
|
|
T/F Cortial cataracts occurs more often in Diabetes Mellitis
|
T
|
|
|
Name the 5 locations cataracts can occur
|
Nuclear
Cortical Anterior Subcapsular Sutural Posterior subcapsular |
|
|
Posterior subcapsular is assoicated with
|
Steriods and DM
|
|
|
What cataract impacts reading vision reater than distance?
|
PSC miosis at near and PSC in the center of visual axis
|
|
|
Glare test os ised fpr
|
assessing cataract classification. test pt's BVA at near then re-do while shining a penlight in patients eye
|
|
|
The wrinkling of the anterior capsule and liqefaction of the nucleus, leading to proteins denaturing and losing antigencity inducing a macrophagic response occurs due to
|
hyperamturation of cataract
|
|
|
___ glaucoma is the growing of lens rubbing against the back of the iris bombe, leading to a cascade of events with narrow angles.
|
Phacopmorphic
|
|
|
____ glaucoma occurs when lens material leaks thru capsule leading to a macrophage response which creats a blockage of the trabecular meshwork
|
Phacolytic
|
|
|
______ glaucoma occurs when lens material seen by the immune system causes proteins to attack vigorously leading to inflammation
|
phacoanaphylactic
|
|
|
T/F Hyperopic shift is associated with all cataract development
|
FALSE
MYOPIC shift |
|
|
This type of cataracts has polychromatic reddis-green crystals form in the middle of the nucleus. Usually due to myotonic dystrophy
|
Christmas tree
|
|
|
This type of cataaract is usually due to accidental removal of the parathyroid gland with the thtroid gland during surgery
|
Calcemic
|
|
|
Patients with this systemic disease should not be sedated during cataract surgery
|
COPD
|
|
|
T/F Prior to cataract surgery, patient should be given steroids
|
FALSE only use these when pt has history of uveitits, lipid, etc
NSAIDs should be given before surgery |
|
|
Pre-operative pharm given before cataract surgery
|
NSAIDS 1-2 days
mydriatics- morning of surgery Antbitiocs- 2 days of QUID Zymar or Vigamox |
|
|
In order to sterilize the pt prior to cataract surgery, use
|
Betadine to clean lids
drop is spread on eyes for 3-4 minutes |
|
|
What is the MOST important method of prevents post-surgical endophthalmitis during cataract surgery?
|
BETADINE
|
|
|
Retroulbar injection prior to cataract surgery could often lead to
|
optic nerve sheathing leading to blindess
|
|
|
If the surgeons stars cataracts surgery at the ______ position, a fair amount of WTR astigmatism will be induced
|
12 o'clock.
So operate temporally!! |
|
|
T/F performing cataract surgery at the 12 o'clock position often induces ATR astigmatism in patient
|
FALSE
WTR |
|
|
Standard cataract surgery today is known as
|
phacoemulsifcation. Ultrasonic pulverization of the nucleus to lifgy and vacuum it out.
|
|
|
The most common material type of intraocualr lens is
|
acrylic, lacks an immune response
|
|
|
3 Multifocal IOLs
|
Crystalens
ReZoom Restor |
|
|
Post-op cataract surgery management
|
Pred Forte
Acular Zymar QID |
|
|
When is the MOST important follow up after cataract surgery?
|
1st day!!!
Most important follow up because if endophthalmitis has occured you will know by now |
|
|
How many weeks after cataract surgery can you prescribe an Rx?
|
3-4 weeks
|
|
|
T/F After cataract surgery, your IOP might spike, so give patient prostaglandins
|
FALSE!
Give glaucoma meds but NOT prostaglandins as that also leads to edema |
|
|
Infectious endopthalmitis is usually caused by
|
Staph epidermidis
If its a slower endophthalmitits it mght be caused b Propionobacterium acnes |
|
|
Non-infectious endohthalmitis is caused by
|
retained particles of lens nucleus, IOL induced inflammation.
|
|
|
Proliferation of equatorial lens epithelum along the posterior capsule that leads to clouding or thickening of the capsule is known as
|
Elshinig's pearls
|
|
|
______ occurs when posterior capsule is left in after cataract surgery and the lens continues to make fibers. You treat it with __ laser
|
Posterior Capsular Fibrosis
Treat with Yag laser |
|
|
_____ uveitits occurs when the PC IOL haptics chaffs against the posterior iris surface. Also known as UGH syndrome
|
Persistant
|
|
|
CME usually occurs _- weeks after cataract surgery
|
6 weeks, but sometimes may occur months or years later
Commonly found with vitreous prolapse and a torn capsule |
|
|
_ is usually found with vitreous prolapse and a torn capsule 6 weeks post op and is a painless decrease in VA
|
CME
|
|
|
A painless loss of VA and a petaloid pattern seen with fluorescein angio are signs of
|
CME
Treat with oral and topical NSAIDS, Diamox, Injection Kenelog |
|
|
T/F Cataract surgery is the greast risk for retinal detachment
|
T
usually vitreous traction, leading to a tear |
|
|
Major sources of blindess in the world
|
Cataract
Trachoma Chilhood lindess Onchercerciasis (river blindess) |
|
|
Criteria for blindness
|
VA 20/200 or less
|
|
|
Critera for low vision
|
Less than 20/40 corrected
|
|
|
T/F 1/3 vision loss in blacks is due to AMD
|
FALSE
cataracts Blacks have low AMD rate |
|
|
In Blacks, Caucasians, and Hispanics, the leading cause of LOW vision is
|
cataracts
|
|
|
Major cause of blindess in the US
|
Glaucoma 12%
AMD 11.7% Diabetes 10% |
|
|
____ cataracts develops when proteins of nucleus degenerate and darken, causin ligt to scatter
|
Nuclear
|
|
|
Cortical catacts occurs when the order of the fibers in the cortex is distured and gaps are filled with
|
water and debris.
It is the most common and last viasuall debilitating tyle |
|
|
T/F Cortical cataracts is the most debilitating type of cataract
|
FALSE
|
|
|
T/F Cortical cataract is the most common type of cataract
|
T and least debilitating
|
|
|
____- cataracts occurs when fiber cells retain their nuclei and migrate to te posterio lens. It delibitates vision more often than not
|
Subcapsular cataract.
Grade is based on DIAMETER |
|
|
T/F Subcapsular catarct is most delibitating
|
T
on the visual axis near te nodal point of eye. |
|
|
T/F You grade subcapsular cataract using retroillumination
|
FALSE
Parallel pip or optic section is best best with a dilateled pupil |
|
|
Number one risk factor for cataract
|
AGE
|
|
|
T/F Females get cataracts more then men
|
T
we live longer |
|
|
Diabetes is associated with 2 types of cataracts
|
Senile
True diabetic cataract --> BILATERAL white punctate or snowflake |
|
|
T/F If you see a patient with diabetic dataracts their blood sugar cannot be under control
|
T
|
|
|
T/F hypertension is related to cataract formation
|
False
|
|
|
This X linked disease leads to Spoke-like cararacts
|
Fabry's Disease, deficiency in alpa-galactosidase. See VORTEX keratopthy --> swirls of hemosiderone deposits. Also seein in amiodaron
|
|
|
Vortex keratopathy is linked to what disease?
|
Fabry's
causes spoke-like caracts |
|
|
This studysaid that the odds of developing nuclear scleroris and PSC were 3 times greater if a sibling had a cataract
|
Framingham Eye study
|
|
|
The Beaver Dam Eye study said this
|
35% of nucler and 58% of cortical caratarcts showed some family tie
|
|
|
T/F Steriods are likely to cause Anterior Subcapsular Cataracts
|
FALSE
POSTERIOR |
|
|
T/F Systemic steriods are more likely to cause cataracts than topical
|
T
|
|
|
Phenothizaines tend to cause this type of cataracts
|
Christmas tree
|
|
|
T/F Miotics like Pilocarpine can cause anterior subcapsular cataracts
|
T
|
|
|
The main cause of anterior subcapsular catarct
|
UV light
|
|
|
Nuclear cataracts are usualyl graded base on what two things?
|
VA and color of lens
|
|
|
Reluscent lgiht is
|
scattered light due to clouding- seen in nuclear cataracts
|
|
|
What type of illumination is best to see nuclear cataracts?
|
optic section
|
|
|
How do we grade cortical cataracts?
|
Depending on how many quadrants found
|
|
|
T/F Subcapsular cataracts are more often posterior
|
T
|
|
|
How to see a subcapsular cataract best?
|
Retroillumination
|
|
|
Most common cause of unilateral cataracts, especiialy in the youny=
|
Traumatic
see Vossious ring and a Rosette cataract |
|
|
The most common cause of secondary cataracts?
|
Chronic anterior uveitits. Causes ASC and PSC, and progresses quicker with psoterior synechia.
|
|
|
Marfan Syndrome, Weill-Marchesani, Lowe's Syndrome, Hallerman-Streif, and Lawrence-Moon-Biedl are all assositated with
|
Congential cataracts
|
|
|
Acryllic lens material will be most likely used in patients with what disease?
|
DM
|
|
|
What is the most popular IOL material used?
|
Silicone and Acryllic split
|
|
|
What IOL is better for intermediate vision?
|
ReZoom
|
|
|
What type of IOL has the ability to accomodate?
|
Crystalens
|
|
|
A star shaped opacitiy that rarely affects vision is what kind of cataract?
|
christmas tree
seen anterior subcapsular associated with phenothiazine and myotonic dystrophy |
|
|
Chesapeake Study discussed prevelance of what type of cataract?
|
Cortical and how it relates to UV exposure
|
|
|
Beaver Dam study looked at what type of cataract?
|
nuclear and coritcol
|
|
|
BMI may be associated with what type of cataracts?
|
PSC and cortical
|
|
|
What congenital disease os associated with autosomal recessive, mental retardation, microcornea, iris colobome, hypogonadism, and cataract?
|
Lawrence Moon Biedl
|
|
|
What is the condition that involves ectopic lentis, microphakia, microconrea and brachydactyl?
|
Weiil-Marchensaine
|
|
|
This syndrome is associated with meglocornea, punctact opacities in mom, megalocornea, and mental retardation?
|
Lowe's Snydrome
|
|
|
This autsosomal recessive systemic condition includes mental retardation, subcapsular cataracts or polymchromatic opacitites, and spoke like opacities?
|
Myotonic dystrophy aka Floppy Baby syndrome
|
|
|
Nuclear catracts occurs in 15% of cases involving
|
Congeintal ubella
|
|
|
Autosominal dominant condition NOT associated with mental retardation where patients have bird like faces?
|
Treacher-Colins
|
|
|
This type of condition has sunflower cataracts?
|
Wilsons
|
|
|
Marinesco-Sjogren's syndrome involves
|
oligoprenia- little mind
cebral ataxia, bilateral cataracts |
|
|
A Y suture opcacity is known as this type of cataract
|
Axial
See with retro or optic section, not debilitating |
|
|
How does a Sutural Cataract differ from an Axial Cataract?
|
It is similar to axial but it is MUCH denser and farther from the fetal nucleus.
|
|
|
A developmental cataract that is seen mostly equatorial nucleus is known as
|
Lamellar
|
|
|
Zonular cataracts is a specific type of lamellar cataract caused by ______
|
metabolic changes
|
|
|
"Peppercorn" cataracts are also known as Coppock's cataract and is a fetal opacity. It is known as ___ cataracts
|
Pulverulent
|
|
|
This type of cataract has a cortical opacity and a lusih tint"
|
Cerulean
|
|
|
A Hypermature cataract with cortical tissue liquification is know as
|
Intumescent or Morgagnian type
|
|
|
T/F Crystalline cataracters are ususlaly unilateral
|
T
|
|
|
2 types of capsular opacitities
|
epicapsular stars and mittendorf dot
|
|
|
This is due to EXCESSIVE heating of pre-lenticualr iris where the anterior capsule fibers pull off
|
Exfoliation
|
|
|
Psuedo-exfoliation occurs when
|
anterior lens surface eels away and deposits into anterior chamer
|
|
|
Prenatal reduction of the pupillary membrane that are bening iris strands are known as
|
persistent pupillary membrane
|
|
|
What are the 3 most important tests that are effected wit cataracts?
|
Stereo
Color Pupils |
|
|
This type of cataracts can cause a myopic shift in the eye
|
Nuclear Sclerosis
|
|
|
This type of scan is used to measure anterio chamber depth, lens thickness, and axial length of eye. It ALSO tells you the extent of the cataract
|
24 mm is the axial length of eye
A-scan |
|
|
An A scan can tell you
|
Axial length fo eye, ac depth and EXTEND of cataracts
|
|
|
Usual depth of AC?
|
2.6-3 mm range
|
|
|
Lens thickness is usually around
|
4.5-6 mm, thickens throughuot life
|
|
|
On an A scan what does the 1st spoike reprsent?
|
POSTERIOR cornea
|
|
|
T/F The 2nd spike of an AC scan reprsents location of iris/anterior lens. And thefore between the 1st and 2nd spike, we can tell the depth of the anterior chamber
|
T
|
|
|
What two spikes of an A-scan tell you how deep the AC is?
|
1st and 2nd
|
|
|
What spike of an A scan reprsentrs posterior lens surface?
|
3rd
|
|
|
Typical size of an IOL
|
13 mm haptic to haptic
Haptic is the arm that goes into the angle of the posterior chamber |
|
|
Stress causes your hypothalumus to release ______ which travels to your Anterior Pituitary and causes the release of _____ that goes to the Adrenal Crotex to produce ____
|
CRF
ACTH Cortisol/Glucocorticoids |
|
|
2 Antimetabolites we give patients with uveitits
|
methotrexate
azathioprine |
|
|
Patients with long standing uvietis tend to get _____ keratopthy
|
band
calcium in bowmans later/anterior keratoplasty |
|
|
T/F HLA-B27 can be used to test ankylosing spondylititis
|
T
|
|
|
T/F HLA-B27 can be used to test Reiter's Disease
|
T
|
|
|
T/F Juevenile Reumatoid Arthritis is tested with HLA-B27
|
T
|
|
|
Inflammatory Bowel Disease can be tested using
|
HLA-B27
|
|
|
Possner-Schlossman Syndrome is an inflammatory glaucoma manifested by
|
Fine KPs stuck in the AC champer. See Trabeculitis. Check for cells and flare
|
|
|
Hopw do you treat Glaucomatous Cyclitic Crisis
|
Topical steriods
Glaucoma meds |
|
|
Test q: If you see Iritis in a person older than 65 your first thought should be?
|
CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE
|
|
|
Test Q: If you see iritis AND vitiritis in a person > 65 they may have
|
Lymphoma
|
|
|
Iritis usually presents with mild pain and
|
photophobia
have a ader time dar adapting |
|
|
T/F IOP is initially HIGH with Anterior Sement ISchemia
|
FALSE
|
|
|
Hallmark sign of Anterior Segment Ischemia
|
Cannot dark or light adapt,
Cells in AC AND Dot and Blot hemorrhages in MID- PERIHPERAL retina |
|
|
T/F Anterior Segment Ischemic patients tend to have dot and blot hemoorhages that occur at the posterior pole
|
FALSE
Mid-peripheral |
|
|
Cells in AC, Dot blot hemes in mid periphery, and trouble light/dark adapting are all signs of
|
Anterior Segment Ischemia
|
|
|
T/F Hypoperfusion Retinopathy and Ocular ISchemic Syndrome is usually unilateral
|
T
|
|
|
When there are dot blot hemes in midperiphery AND neovascularization of disc, retina, iris, or angle it is known as
|
Ocular Ischemic Syndrome
|
|
|
Signs of this uveitits include Vitritis and CME, along with snow banking along pars plana
|
Intermediate
|
|
|
These nodules are choriodal/retinal granulomas that look like cotten wool spots but are more yellow
|
Dalen-Fuch nodules
|
|
|
This retinal vascultiis involves the death of photoreceptors, RPE movmeent where rods and cones used to be and retinitis pigmentosa like presnation
|
Retinal Vasculitis
|
|
|
Candle Wax Dripping, aka hazy optic nerve with vascular sheathis is associated with
|
Retinal Vasculitits
|
|
|
a salt and pepper fundus is found in peoplw with
|
sphyllis
|
|
|
Mouth ulcers is a sign of what disease?
|
Behchet's
|
|
|
To make sure aqueous is not leaking from a wound after cataract surgery test for
|
Seidel's Sign
|
|
|
Name 2 oral NSAIDs given after cataract surgery and what you have to watch out for
|
Acular Voltaren QID
need to watch for corneal melt |
|
|
In order to measure how much lid edema or ptosis occurred in patient after cataract surgery use
|
Marginal reflex distance, see hofar the reflex of penlight is from the top lid
|
|
|
Although IOP may increase after cataract surgery it should go back down after
|
1 week
|
|
|
Acute onset endophthalmitis occurs ______ after any intraocualr surgery and is usually due to Staph aureris or Strep species
|
< 7 weeks
|
|
|
Delayed onset endophthalmitis occurs >6 weeks after surery and is due to
|
propionibacterium acnes, fungi, coagules negative Staphlyoc
|
|
|
Bleb associated endophthalmitits occurs when cataract surgery is combined with
|
glaucoma surgery.
Strep. Haempholus and gram + organism |
|
|
When does onset of endophthalitis occur
|
1-4 postoperatively
|
|
|
Yag capsulometry is a laser procedure done to clear up the __________ and remove opacification from the posterior IOL surface
|
posterior capsule
|
|
|
Old fashioned IOLS were placed in the ______ but prose a problem because they are isris fixated.
|
Anterior chamber
|
|
|
Petallod appearance of the fovea, wth decreased vision, metamorphospa and cystic spaces of edema all result from
|
CME
|
|
|
T/F A DFE is asbolsutely necessary 1 month after cataract surgery
|
T
|
|
|
Localized swelling post operatively that has a FB sensation, buring, photophbia and glare is known as _____ and is treated via
|
Bullous keratopathy
increase steriods, lubrication hypertonic |
|
|
An inflamed retina is usually due to
|
Toxoplasmosis
|
|
|
Retinal vasculitits will have vascular sheathing, a hazy optic nerve and
|
"candle wax dripping" appearance
|
|
|
T/F Bechet's disease invovles mouth ulcdrs, acne, ocular inflammatory diases, ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR uveitits, and is more prevlentant in MALES
|
T
middle and far eastern decent. If it doesn't respond to regular treatment, its probably Bechets |
|
|
This white dot syndrome is caused by a nematode and results in GRAY-YELLOW outer retinal lesions
|
Diffuse Unilateral Subacute Neurororetinitits
DUSN |
|
|
T/F Diffuse Unilateral Subacute Neuroretinitits is the most common parasitic lesion
|
T
|
|
|
This white dot syndrome has yellow-white placoid lesions that radiate out from the optic nerve head. See Choroidal neovascualrzation ins 20% of cases. It is found in YOUNG adults with acute loss of vision
|
Serpigionous Choroiditis
|
|
|
T/F Serpiginous Choroiditis is typically found in elderly population
|
FALSE
Young-middle aged This white dot syndrome has yellow-white placoid lesions that radiate out from the optic nerve head. See Choroidal neovascualrzation ins 20% of cases. |
|
|
Bird-shot chorioretinitis, or Vitliginous choriditis is more prevelant in ______ that are older than __. You will see vitritis in 100% of patients along with floaters, centra lloss of vision, and optic nerve ad macular edema
|
female
> 50 yrs USE HLAA-29 to test! |
|
|
Large yellow white flat plaque like lesions of the RPE that is associated with viral prodrome foud in young to middle-aged females is what condition?
|
Acute Posterior Multifocial Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy AMPEE
|
|
|
T/F AMPEE typically effects young to middle aged females
|
T
Large yellow white flat plaque like lesions of the RPE that is associated with viral prodrome |
|
|
How do you know if your female patient as Vitiginous choroiditis or AMPEE?
|
AMPEE is of young females
Vitilginous choroiditis is of women over 50 |
|
|
_________, also known as big blind spot syndrome effects young to middle aged females who are usually myopic and will spontaneous recover. IT is associated with a viral illness
|
MEWDS
Multipe evanescent white dot syndrome See small wihte dots located at RPE or outer retina that encircle the posterior pole, the fovea is spared |
|
|
3 syndromes that masquerade as Posterior Uvietitis
|
Retinal detachment
Lymphoma Metastasis |
|
|
Cells floating in the vitreous that are RPE cells or RBC's is known as ______, or tobacco dust
|
Shaffer's sign
|
|
|
3 types of RD
|
Rhegmatogenous
Tractional Exudative |
|
|
Most common type of Retinal detachment
|
Rhegmatogenous. Like a curain coming down
|
|
|
The most common ocular tumor is _____- and usually come from breast and lung
|
choroidal
|
|
|
Dome shape lesions that are yellow to organe in color that are most often in posterior pole could indicate
|
metastic tumor
|
|
|
Number 1 cause of death by cancer in males_______
Nnumber 1 cause of death by cancer in females______ |
lung
breast |
|
|
Coat's white ring signifies
|
FB stuck in cornea... see edema and WBC surround the FB
|
|
|
Leukemic Retinopathy can manifest itself in 3 ways
|
1. Leukemic infiltrates
2. Blood in retina --> Roth spots 3. Secondary complications related toanemia and hyperviscousity |
|
|
Hypercoaguble means that there is a problem stopping the _____ system. Usually it involves Fibrin and Factor V
|
clotting
|
|
|
Hyperviscosity is when there are too many __________ and is usually tumor related
|
platelts, RBCs and WBCs
|
|
|
Herpes that effects the kid periphery and posterior pole of retina is known as _________. It affects ALL layers of retinal.
|
Acute Retinal Necrosis
If its bilateral its known as BARN |
|
|
in AIDS patients, CMV usually occurs when CD4 count drops to
|
50 or less
see damage at posterior pole |
|
|
Toxoplasmosis is caused by
|
obligate intracullular protozoans in undercooked meat or cat feces
|
|
|
T/F Histoplasmosis is a FUNGAL infection
|
T
see acute loss of vision in ONE eye See triad: Peripapillary atrophy (mottles around ONH) Peripheral white spots Choroidal neovascularization. NEVER presents with vitritis |
|
|
Signs of this disease include:
Peripapillary atrophy (mottles around ONH) Peripheral white spots Choroidal neovascularization. NEVER presents with vitritis |
Histoplasmosis
|
|
|
T/F Histoplasmosis is always accompanied by vitritis
|
FALSE
|
|
|
An unexplained loss of vision due to a small white worm in retina is known as
|
Diffuse Unilateral Subacute Neuroretinitits
DUNS get from racoons |
|
|
To test to see if patient has Bechet's, do a
|
HLA-B25
|
|
|
Patient presents with no pain, photophobia/lacrimation but cells and flare and a low IOP. They probably hae
|
Ocular Ischemic Syndrome due to blockage of ICA
|
|
|
Peripheral Anterior Synechiae is __ shaped
|
tent shaped
|
