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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The place in which an organism is typically found is called?
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Habitat
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The total surroundings of a living thing are called?
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Environments
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Environments have 2 components?
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Living (biological) and nonliving (physical and chemical)
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The living things in an environment are called?
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Biota examples are algae, fish, etc.
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The nonliving things in an environment are called?
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Abiotic examples are water, chemistry, light, temperature, salinity
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A region that contains characteristic organisms that interact with one another and with their environment?
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Life zone
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Area located between high tide and low tide?
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Intertidal zone
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When ocean reaches its highest point along a beach?
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High tide
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When ocean is at its lowest level along the beach?
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Low tide
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A long line of seaweed and debris deposited on the beach during high tide?
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Strandline
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Organisms that live in the intertidal zone must be adapted to do what?
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Meet the challenges of living in an area that has alternating periods of wet and dry.
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Area where most beach activities take place?
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Supratidal zone
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Area above the intertidal zone up to the sand dunes?
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Supratidal zone
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Area that gets a fine mist of salt spray?
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Supratidal zone
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Limiting factor in the growth of plants in the lower supra tidal zone?
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Salt spray
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Area below the low tide line is the?
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Sub tidal zone
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Life zone that remains underwater?
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Sub tidal zone
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Area of heavy wave impact, has underwater turbulence?
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Sub tidal zone
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Organisms in this zone have structures that help them cling to hard surfaces?
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Sub tidal zone
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Why do organisms in the sub tidal zone need to cling to hard surfaces?
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To keep from being swept away by waves and currents-examples are encrusting sponges, seas stars, sea anemones
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What enables encrusting sponges to keep attached?
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An acid they secrete to bore into rocks
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What enables anemones/snails to stay attached?
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Muscular feet
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What enables sea stars to stay attached?
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Tube feet
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What allows barnacles to stay attached?
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Cements itself to rock
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What allows plants to stay attached?
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Fibrous pad of tissue called aholdfast
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What body shape is common to the subtidal zone?
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Flattened...minimizes wave impact...examples are sand dollar, flounder
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The largest life zone is the?
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Pelagic
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This covers the entire ocean above the sea bottom?
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Pelagic
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Zone where large pods of marine mammals and schools of fish swim?
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Pelagic
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What 2 zones are found in the pelagic zone?
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Neritic--<200 m in depth
Oceanic--> 200 m in depth |
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Zone found past the Sub tidal zone is the?
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Neritic
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Zone found above the continental shelf?
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Neritic
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Relatively shallow part of the seafloor that ajoins the continents?
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Neritic
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Zone where the most fishing is done?
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Neritic
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Why is the neritic zone so productive?
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River run off-provides nutrients, sunlit so photosynthesis can be carried out
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The food making process on which most living things depends is?
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Photosynthesis
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Life zone that extends beyond the neritic zone?
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Oceanic zone
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Part of the oceanic zone that receives light?
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Photo 'light' zone, enough life to support life. (euphotic)
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Part of the oceanic zone that receives little or no light?
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Aphotic (no light)
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Most light penetrates to an average depth of ___ and to a maximum depth of ___ depth.
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100,200
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99% of all light is absorbed in ---zone?
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Photic
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Why is there more life in the photc zone?
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Light promotes growth of algae and plants which is a source of food.
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A characteristic of an organism that enables it to live successfully in its environment?
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Adaptation
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Give an exaample of an animal with an adaptation.
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Angler fish lives in deep ocean, huge mouth, long sharp teeth- to catch prey, lure over mouth that glows in the dark- attracts prey, enables fish to see
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Why do some deep ocean fish have mouths pointed upward?
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To catch scraps of food as they fall from above
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The deepest part of the ocean floor?
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Ocean basin- abyssal plain
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The area includes the entire ocean floor from shallow intertidal zone to deep ocean basin?
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Benthic zone
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Animals found in ocean basin (abyssal zone) are adapted to?
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Low pressures and high temperatures
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Animals found on the bottom (benthic zone) are reffered to as?
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Benthos
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A sampling device that has provided many new organisms from the bottom sediment is?
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Box corer
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Name some examples of the sampling equipment.
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Box corer, fine mesh net
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A area that contains a particular group of organisms that share the habitat, can form distinct bands?
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Zonation
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Harsh environment, composed of sand, battered by wind and waves?
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Sandy beach
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Region of crashing waves?
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Surf zone
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`What causes the white foam to form on water?
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Air mixing with the water
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How does the mole crab survive the turbulence of the surf zone?
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Paddle like appendages dig into the sand, sticks its feathery appendages up in to the water to feed, jelly bean shape allows it to swim with minimal resistance to the sand and water
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What alolows the surf clam to survive the surf zone?
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Thick shell protects against wave impact and erosion of
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