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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the average pressure of the left ventricle? |
120/80 mmHg |
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What is the average pressure of the right ventricle? |
20 mmHg |
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Draw the heart from an anterior perspective |
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Which vessels drain into the right atrium? |
superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus |
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What is the fossa ovale? |
A depression in the interatrial septum where the foramen ovale used to be during fetal development, to allow the blood to bypass the pulmonary circuit |
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What are papillary muscles? |
Muscles within the ventricles of the heart that attach the chordae tendinae to the wall of the heart |
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Which side of the heart has the tricuspid valve? |
Right |
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What is the rough-walled portion of the internal right atrium called? Where are they derived from? |
Pectinate muscles derived from primitive atrium |
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What marks the boundary between the smooth and rough sections of the internal right atrial wall? |
The crista terminalis, a raised ridge where the pectinate muscles end |
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Where does the smooth portion of the internal right atrial wall develop from? |
Sinus venosus |
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Which vessels supply the left atrium? |
4 pulmonary veins, 2 from each lung |
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Which chamber of the heart is most posteriorly located? Which is the most anterior? |
Posterior - left atrium Anterior - right ventricle |
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What is another name for the bicuspid valve? |
Mitral valve |
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What are the two parts of the interventricular septum? |
Membranous - superior Muscular - inferior |
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Draw a diagram showing the position of the valves from a superior view |
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Where do the coronary arteries originate? |
The aortic bulb, just above the aortic valve |
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Why is the mitral valve the odd valve out? |
It is the only valve with only two cusps |
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Draw a diagram showing the coronary arteries from an anterior view |
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What does it mean to have a 'left-dominant' heart? |
The left coronary artery supplies the Posterior interventricular artery. This is least common, much more likely to be 'right-dominant' instead |
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Which of the two coronary arteries emerge from underneath the pulmonary trunk |
Left |
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Draw a diagram showing the venous drainage of the heart, from a Posterior view |
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What is the purpose of the fibrous skeleton of the heart? |
To support the valves and provide a non-conducting region to prevent the unwanted spread of action potentials from the atria to the ventricles |
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What do the different sections of the ECG represent? |
P wave - atrial contraction P-Q interval represents the delay at the AV node QRS complex represents ventricular contraction T wave represents repolarisation of ventricles |
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Where is the cardiac plexus located? |
Underneath the aortic arch |
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Which regions of the heart do sympathetic fibres innervate? |
SA, AV and myocardium |
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Which regions of the heart does the vagus nerve innervate? |
SA |
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Draw a diagram of the primary aortic branches |
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Draw a diagram of the great veins |
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