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42 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Most accurate method to estimate GA

CRL in first trimester

Other techniques have a range of

+- 2wks

We need to look for other signs of IUGR when

AC falls more than 2SD below the mean for GA

We need to look for skeletal dysplasia

When FL falls short more than 2SD below the mean for GA

When do we need to calcuate HC/AC

If head and or abdomen fall short

What is used to determine EDC / EDD


Based on LMP

Naegele's rule

Naegels rule

EDD=LMP-3 months +7 days

BPD level

Thalami


CSP

when can we measure BPD

Starting from 10-12 wks

What is angle of asynclitism

Fetal saggital suture and beam



Has to be 90 degres

What measurement defines the shape of the head

Cephaic index

CI normal range

70-86%

Dolicochephay

CI less than 70%

Brachycephaly

CI more than 86%

In cases of doli or brachy

BPD is eleminated from estiation of GA

What head measurement is more accurate in an abnormal head shape

HC

AC is performed at level of

Stomach


Portal sinus of umbilical vein




Includes soft tissue and fat

FL

Measures anterior femur to reduce artifactual bowing



Only diaphysis

Least reliable measurement

AC

Can be used in cases such as IUGR is present

Transcerebellar distance


Binocular distance

Other parameters when the usual ones are not accurate

Clavicular length


Foot length


Binocular distance


Tranacerebellar distance


Other long bones

We can estimate GA by

Epiphyseal apperance

Ephyphyseal appearance

Distal femoral ep-33 wks


Proximal tibial-35 wks


Prox humeral -38 wks

Used to detect fetal asphyxia

BPP

Parameters of BPP

Breathing


Movements


Tone


AFI


Non stress test



Mnemonic- BATMoN

First ultrasound parameter to disappear with hypoxia

Breathing movements

Fetal breathing for 2 points

One episode of 30 seconds in 30 min exam

Body movements for 2 points

At least 3 body movements over 30 min exam

Fetal tone for 2 points

One episode of limb extension/flexion within 30 min exam

Last parameter to disappear with fetal asphyxia

Fetal tone

AFI for 2 points

At least one pocket of 2 cm



Some say 5 cm

Non stress test for 2 points

2 episodes of accelerations >15 bpm for 15 sec over 30 min time frame

First parameter to disappear in fetal asphyxia

Accelerations in heart rate

Fetal position is composed of

Fetal lie


Fetal presentation

Fetal lie

Relationship of long axis of baby to long axis of mom


Longitudinal or transverse

Fetal presentation

Presenting part at internal os

Fetal presentation

Cephalic-vertex


Breech


Shoulder

Vertex

Type of cephalic when parietal bones present first

Breech types

Footling/incomplete


Frank


Complete

Footling breech

Hips extended

Complete breech

Hips flexed


Knees flexed



Both flexed

Frank breech

Hips flexed knees extended