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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many pounds do obese women gain during pregnancy?
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More than or equal to 15 pounds.
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How many pounds do overweight people gain during pregnancy?
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15 to 25 pounds.
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How many pounds do normal people gain during pregnancy?
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25 to 35 pounds.
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How many pounds do underweight people gain during pregnancy?
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28 to 40 pounds.
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How many pounds is gained during the 1st trimester?
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3.5-5 pounds.
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How many pounds is gained in 2nd to 3rd trimester?
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1 pound a week.
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Function of Proteins.
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Maternal tissue hyperplasia and hypertrophy.
Fetal Growth. Contribute to energy metabolism. |
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Function of Fats
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Energy - (same as carbs)
and are more completely absorbed during pregnancy. |
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Function of Calcium & Phosphorus
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Mineralization of fetal bones and teeth
Acid-base buffering |
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Function of iodine
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Essential part of thyroxine
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Function of Sodium
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Helps with metabolism and regulation of fluid balance.
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Function of Zinc
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Helps with protein metabolism
Synthesis of DNA & RNA Fetal Growth Lactation |
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Function of Magnesium
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Cellular metabolism
Bone Mineralization - Just like Calcium/Phosphorus |
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Function of Iron
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Oxygen carrying capability of blood
Expansion of maternal blood volume |
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Function of Vitamin A
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Growth of epithelial cells
Synthesis of glycogen Development of healthy eyes in the fetus |
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Functions of vitamin D
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Absorption and utilization of Calcium and Phosphorus
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Functions of Vitamin E
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Antioxidation
maintains health of cell membranes |
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Functions of Vitamin K
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Synthesis of prothrombin
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Functions of Vitamin C
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Development of connective tissue
Development of vascular system |
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Functions of Vitamin B
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Cell respiration and glucose oxidation
Energy metabolism |
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Pregnant women have an increased need for?
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Calories, Carbohydrates, Protein, Calcium, Zinc, Magnesium
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What are the nutritional needs of anemic patients?
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Their hemoglobin levels are less than 10g/dl. They need both Iron and Folic acid(400mcg of folic acid)
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Explain the nutritional requirements of lactating patients.
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2 servings of meat
2-4 servings of fruit 3 servings of vegetables 4 cups of dairy (8oz cups) 6-11 servings of grain |
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What are lactoovovegetarian's diet consist of?
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Milk, dairy, and eggs in diet.
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What are lactovegetarians diet consist of?
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Dairy but no eggs.
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What are Vegans diets consist of?
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Will not eat any food from dairy sources. They can have brown rice, whole wheat, legumes, beans, split peas, lentils, nuts, veggies, peanut butter, ETC
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How much calcium should Vege diets have and what is the replacement for meats in servings?
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1200-1500mg a day of calcium and 2-3 servings of nuts,legume,seeds replace meats.
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Best way of reducing risks for adolescent mother and her newborn?
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Early thorough prenatal care is strongest and most critical determinant.
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What is Breast Milk consist of?
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90% water and the other 10% contains 52% fat 42% carbs(lactose) and 6% protein(casein) It is also naturally low in Vit D
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Does Iron Fortification cause constipation? Why or Whynot?
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No because it is in an ionic form.(Being in breast milk)
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What does Casein cause in formula?
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Large, rubbery curds that are associated with constipation
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What are the components of Whey?
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Alpha lactalbumin, serum albumin, lactoferrin, immunoglobulins, and lysozyme.
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What is important to teach about breastfeeding?
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position, latching, pumping and storage,
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What can we teach about supplementing breastfeeding?
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It is not recommended routinely, only in early breastfeeding termination and can contribute to maternal and infant health problems such as milk-protein intolerance and difficulties with learning to breastfeed
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What are the components of LATCH?
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Latch, audible swallowing, type of nipple, comfort, hold.
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How long should you breastfeed your child?
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For at least the first 6 months and up until 12 months :)
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What are some nutritional advantages to breast milk?
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fatty acids-brain development. vitamins and minerals are in appropriate doses, less risk of diseases such as diabetes, lymphoma, leukemia, hodgkins, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and asthma.
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How does breast feeding help mom?
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lowers postpartum bleeding, more rapid uterine involution, lowered risk of developing cancer, lowered risk of developing osteoporosis(postmenopausal)
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What are some Immunologic advantages to breast milk
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Protection from respiratory tract, GI tract infections, necrotizing enterocolitis, UTI, bacterial meningitis, otitis media, bacteremia, and allergies. IGA (anti-STUFF)
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How often should you breastfeed babies and how many wet diapers would there be per day?
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breastfeed at least 8 times a day and you should have 6-8 diapers daily after 4-5 days(increases) stools lighten by 3rd day and no later than 5 days should be yellow
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Explain true labor
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Contractions produce progressive dilation and effacement of the cervix, occur regularly and increase in frequency, duration, and intensity, but the intervals shorten.
There is pain that starts in the back and radiates around the abdomen and is not relieved by ambulation but will increase with activity. |
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Explain false labor
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Contractions do not produce effacement and dilation, are irregular, and may be perceived as hardening or balling up without discomfort.
There is discomfort in lower abdomen and groin and is relieved by ambulation, changes of position, drinking water, or a warm shower. |
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How do you differentiate between false or true labor?
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False labor is very common and it is important to assess dilation
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