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119 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The gaining of electrons by an atom during metabolism is called:
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reduction
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Which of the following statements is T regarding free radicals?
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free radicals are formed as by-product of healthy metabolism
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From what source does our body obtain the majority of its antioxidants?
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from the diet
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How do antioxidant vitamins stabilize free radicals?
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donate electrons or hydrogens
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Which of the following diseases has been linked to free radical damage?
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celiac disease
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The most powerful and abundant form of vitamin E is:
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alpha-tocopherol
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Which water-soluble vitamin can regenerate vitamin E after it has been oxidized?
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vitamin C
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About 90% of vitamin E is stored in:
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adipose tissue
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Which of the following is a function of vitamin E?
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protecting PUFA in cell membranes from oxidation
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Which of the following foods will have the least amount of viable vitamin E?
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chicken fried in vegetable oil
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Taking vitamin E supplements along with_____ can cause uncontrollable bleeding
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anticoagulants
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Vitamin E is added to many oil-based skin care products because:
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it prevents oxidation in these products
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Diseases that cause the malabsorption of fat can result in a deficiency of:
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vitamin E
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Which of the following nutrients requires the most frequent consumption to ensure adequate body store?
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vitamin C
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The deficiency disease associated with vitamin C is:
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scurvy
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Vitamin C assists in the formation of the structural protein called
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collagen
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The doctor has recently told Julie that is anemic. Julie should consume______ with her iron supplement to increase its absorption
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Orange juice
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which of the following increases the RDA for Vitamin C
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cigarettes
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rich source of vita C
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green red peppers
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best source of vita C
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citrus fruits
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caritenoids that can convert to retinol
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beta carotene
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function of carotenoids
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support immune system
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greatest amount of bioavailible beta carotene
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1cup lightly cooked carrots
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retinoid with most important pschycological role
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retinol
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best diet source of preformed vita A
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egg
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which hormone requires selenium for synthesis
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thyroxine
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where is selenium stored
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amino acids
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highest concentrate of selenium
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brazil nuts dried
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common cancer USA
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skin
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malignant=
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cancer
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reduced risk of cancer
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fruits veggies
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increased risk of cancer
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high fat diets
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leading cause of death in US
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cardio disease
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low grade imflammation is associated with
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c-reactive protein
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leading cause of blindness over 55
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macular degeneration
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cataract treatment
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surgery
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natural substances found in plants
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phytochemicals
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phyto=
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plant
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benefits of phytochemicals
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epidemiological
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antioxidants neautralize
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free radicals
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example of synergetic action of phytochemicals
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phyto works together to create gr8 summative effect
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FUNCTIONAL FOOD=
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nutraceutical
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prolife food=
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probiotics
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prebiotics
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fiber found in fruits and veggies
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what is fed to chicken to increase levels in eggs
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omega 3
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which foods are high in vita E
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nuts
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compact bone that makes up outer surface of bone
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cortical
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organic protein responsible for bone matrix that hydroxy binds to
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collagen
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when does bone growth start
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during fetal developement
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bone remodeling
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two step process bone is recycled
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minerals that form bones
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hydroxyapatite crystals
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bone remodeling is critical in maintaining
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blood calcium levels
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what age does bone resorption occur more than formation
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40
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peak bone mass occurs at age
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30
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most accurate tool for bone density test
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dual energy xray
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a T score of -1 to 1 ona a dexa means
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normal bone density
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most abundant mineral in body
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calcium
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calcium absorption is best at age
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infancy
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oxalic acid inhibits absorption of
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calcium
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poorest source of calcium
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cottage cheese
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increases absorption of calcium
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vita D
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which organ synthesizes vita D
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kidneys
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risk for vitamin D deficiency
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Alaska
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primary source of vita D
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milk
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vita D toxicity
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supplements
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vita D deficiency in adults may cause
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osteomalacia
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diseases that result in malabsorption of FAT are at risk for
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Vita D def
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vita D deficiency in kids may cause
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rickets
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vitamin K serves as a ____to various enzymes
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coenzyme
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newborn receive a vita K shot because
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they do not have enough bacteria in there intestines.
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vita K role in the body is
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blood clotting
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vitam K is produced inn
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large intestines
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hydrocyapatite crystals are composed of
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calcium and phosphorus
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which food is high in phosphorus
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soft drinks
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most of phosphorus is stored on
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bones
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which foods are a good source of magnesium
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green leafy veggies
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protein helps absorb
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magnesium
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magnesium toxicity is causeed by
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antacids
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fluoride is stored in
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skeleton
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fluorosis
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to much fluoride
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dowager hump is one sign of
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osteoporosis
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osteoporosis may increase
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because of longevity
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who has a low risk of osteoporosis
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overwight female in her 20
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when is bone loss greatest
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menopause
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what may increase osteoporosis
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smoking
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vitamin d and calcium help
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osteoporosis
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which nutrient helps maintain blood health
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folate
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iron is the most common deficiency
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worldwide
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oxygen carry protein found in red blood cells
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hemogoblin
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oxygen carrying protein used to transport oxygen
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myogoblin
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meat factor
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found in meat and fish, enhances iron absorption
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which will impair iron absorption
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low stomach acid
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iron absorption is enhanced by
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ascorbic acid
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what is a good source of hemoiron
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fish
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which aids in zinc absorption
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protein
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help maintain shape of protein
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zinc fingers
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zinc absorbed
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10-35
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albumin
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carries majority of zinc
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blood protein that transports copper
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albumin
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which is more likely to have a copper deficiency
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premature infant
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what leads to toxicity of copper
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wilsons disease
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who is at risk of vita k def
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30 yr old with crohns disease
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primary source of folate
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enriched cereal
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which folate is found in supps
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folic acid
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new embyo
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need folic acid for cell division
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folate def can lead to
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high levels of homocysteine
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folate def during pregnancy
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naural tube defect
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folic def may lead to
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macrocytic anemia
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high folate levels ask
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b 12 def
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b12=
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cyanocobalamin
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b12 helps nerve cells
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true
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which requires intrinsic factor for absorption
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b12
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b12 def most likely occur in
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vegans
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affects 1/3 of males over 50
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atrophic gastritis
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inadequateintrinsic factor
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pernicious anemia
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antigen synthesized cells
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memory cells
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folate reduces nearal tube defects
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true
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pernicious anemia is associated with
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macrocytic
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apart of the inate immune system
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killer cells
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