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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is another name for Vitamin B3?
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Niacin
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In the body, what are 3 functions of Niacin?
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Crutial to ATP production
Co-enzyme in energy metabolism RBC formation |
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What are some sources of Vit B3?
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Lean meat, poultry, fish
Peanuts & peanutbutter Fortified breads & cereals **Indirectly from the conversion of tryptophan by intestional microbs.** |
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Excess niacin results in…(3 items)
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Facial Flushing
Decrease in blood lipids (it’s a good thing) Can damage the liver |
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What is the name for a deficiency in Niacin/B3?
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Pellagra
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Pellagra is also known as goose flesh.
What are the 3 classic symptoms for Pellagra? |
1) Dementia 2) Diarrhea 3) Dermatitis
(4-- Eventual Death) |
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What are some mucus membrane symptoms of Pellagra?
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Scarlet glossitis
Ulcerations may appear underneath the tongue, mucosa of lower lip & buccal mucosa Gingival inflamation may resemble ulcerative gingivitis **Remember Pellagra can be associate with a heavy Maze diet-->usually outside of the US.** |
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What is another name for Vitamin B6?
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Pyridoxine
*Need to know this term* |
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What are the 3 primary functions of Pyridoxine (Vit B6)?
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1)Co-enzyme
2) Converts tryptophan to Niacin 3) Hemoglobin synthesis for RBC's |
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What foods provide Vit B6?
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Meat, poultry, fish, & Eggs
Whole Grains Non Citrus Fruits Legumes Dark green leafy vegetables |
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What does and Excess of Pyridoxine lead to? Deficiency?
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Excess: Toxicity tymptoms from Megadoses like:
Ataxia (loss of coordination) Bone & muscle weakness Severe sensory neuropathy Deficiency: Glossitis & Angular Chelitis (cheilosis) **It is the most toxic of the B vitamins…think deficiency with red or burning tongue.** |
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What is another name for Folate?
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Folic Acid
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Folate is a co-enzyme for approximately ___ other enzymes.
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20 other enzymes
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As far a reproduction goes what is so important about Folic Acid?
What about its importance with RBC's? |
Synthesis of DNA & RNA.
Involved in the maturation of RBC's **Also its important in the proper formation of neural tubes during fetal development.* |
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What is a major source of Folic Acid?
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Dark Green Leafy Vegetables-->Spinach!
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What are the most common deficiences among the B Vitamins? (4 items)
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Neural Tube Defects
Cleft lip/palate Megaloblastic anemia (blood disorder w/ apperance of very large RBC's) Glossitis (Firey red denuded papillae) *Alcoholics are at risk for Vit B deficiency too.** |
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What is another name for Vit B12?
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Cobalamin
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What are the physiological roles of Cobalamin?
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Converts folate into a form that is used to produce RBC's & nucleic acids for DNA snythesis
Formation & regeneration RBC's and for myelin synthesis **10-30% of elderly may be unable to absorb B12 naturally due to reduced stomach acidity/lack of intrinsic factor-->Get B12 shots.** |
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What are typical sources for B12/Cobalamin?
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Animal Protein
Organ Meat Milk/Cheese/Eggs Fish |
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In addition to the elderly who else might be at risk for a B12 deficiency?
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Vegans-->since no intake of animal foods.
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A deficency in Vit B12 is also called Cobalamin deficency.
What are some conditions of this deficency? (3) |
Pernicious Anemia (immature RBC's)
Stomatitis or yellowish mucosa Hemoragic gingiva & bone loss. *Possible link to Alzheimer's risk.* |
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What is Biotin & Pantothenic acid good for?
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They are coenzymes for the metabolism of :
Carbs, Fats & Proteins |