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34 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
6 classes of nutrients:
carbohydrate, fat, protein, water, vitamins, minerals
Essential nutrient
body cannot make (or can't make enough); must be consumed

required by body

Examples: carbs, essential amino acids, vitamins, minerals, water, essential fatty acids (linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid)
Nonessential nutrient
present in food
made by the body
don't need to consume
Ex: cholesterol & creatine
DRI
refers to the nutrient intake standards for healthy people
prevent chronic disease
4 Standards Under DRI
RDA, EAR, UL, AI
EAR
Estimated Average Requirement

nutrient intake standard estimated to meet the needs of 50% of people in a certain age and gender group
RDA
Recommended Dietary Allowances

recommended intakes of nutrients that meet the needs of almost all healthy people of similar age and gender

generous allowances (meeting 75% still great)

max benefit stops at RDA...no larger amount will be beneficial
RDA = ______ x _______
RDA = EAR x 1.2
AI
Adequate Intakes

theoretical RDA

not enough info to make an RDA
UL
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels

Max daily intake before toxicity
Total Fat DV
65 g
Saturated Fat DV
20 g
Cholesterol DV
300 mg
Sodium DV
2400 mg
Total Carbohydrate DV
300 g
Dietary Fiber DV
25 g
Vitamin A DV
5000 IU
Vitamin C DV
60 mg
Calcium DV
1000 mg
Iron DV
18 mg (women of child-bearing age)
AMDR
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range
Carbohydrate AMDR
45-65% total kcal
Fat AMDR
20-35% total kcal
Protein AMDR
10-35% total kcal
Carb, Protein, Fat kcal/g
Carb: 4
Protein: 4
Fat: 9
Water Soluble Vitamins
B Vitamins + C
B Vitamins - 9
Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Folate, Pantothenic acid, B6, B12, biotin, choline
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
ADEK
Health problems related to nutrition originate where?
From within the cells
Nutrigenomics
study of nutrient-gene interactions and their effects on health
Enrichment
replacement of thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, and iron lost when grains are refined
Fortification
addition of a vitamin or mineral to a food product
Because grains are now fortified with __________, rates of __________ have declined
folic acid, neural tube defects
Anthropometric assessment
body size, height, weight, waist circumference, % body fat, etc..