Nutrition Final Exam Ch. 11

Front 1

Degenerative disease are often referred to as chronic diseases.

Back 1

true

Front 2

A deficiency or toxicity of even a single nutrient can weaken he body's defenses considerably.

Back 2

true

Front 3

CVD is a man's disease.

Back 3

false

Front 4

Thirty minutes of brisk walking on at least 5 days a week can improve the odds against heart disease.

Back 4

true

Front 5

Metabolic syndrome with its cluster of factors raises the risk of CVD.

Back 5

true

Front 6

Effects of protein-energy malnutrition on the body's defense system include.

Back 6

-the skin becomes thinner with less connective tissue.

-antibody secretions and immune cell number are reduced.

Front 7

Heart disease in women is characterized by:

Back 7

development at a later age than in men.

Front 8

Which of the following is not one of the risk factors for CVD?

Back 8

high blood HDL

Front 9

In men, aging becomes a significant risk factor for heart disease at age:

Back 9

45

Front 10

Which of the following would be considered a risk factor for CVD?

Back 10

LDL 160mg/dL or higher

Front 11

Which of the following is associated with a reduced risk of CVD?

Back 11

high HDL

Front 12

The metabolic syndrome greatly increases a person's risk of developing:

Back 12

CVD

Front 13

To lower LDL CHOLESTEROL LEVELS YOU WOULD TELL SOMEONE TO:

Back 13

-lose weight

-increase physical activity

Front 14

An atherogenic diet is characterized as one that is:

Back 14

-high in saturated fats

-high in trans fat

Front 15

For CVD prevention, trans fat in the diet should account for less than ___ % of calories.

Back 15

1

Front 16

According to recommendations for reducing CVD risk, the percentage of calories from saturated fat in the diet should be no more than ____ %.

Back 16

7

Front 17

Wherever dietary fat consists mostly of _____ fats and fish, fruits, and vegetables are eaten in abundance, blood cholesterol and the rate of death from heart disease are low.

Back 17

unsaturated

Front 18

All of the following dietary factors are protective against CVD except:

Back 18

a low-carbohydrate diet.

Front 19

In dietary recommendations to decrease the risk of CVD, trans-fatty acids are classified with ___ fat.

Back 19

saturated

Front 20

Resting blood pressure should ideally be ___ or lower.

Back 20

120 over 80

Front 21

Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of hypertension.

Back 21

-age

-gender

Front 22

Which of the following appears to help prevent and treat hypertension in certain populations?

Back 22

-magnesium

-potassium

Front 23

Individuals with hypertension being treated with diuretics should consume foods rich in:

Back 23

potassium

Front 24

To help prevent hypertension Americans should limit their sodium intake to ___mg per day.

Back 24

2300

Front 25

In general, studies of populations have suggested that low cancer rates correlate with:

Back 25

-high vegetable intakes.

-high whole grain intakes.

Front 26

Examples of cruciferous vegetables include:

Back 26

-rutabaga

-bok choy

Front 27

Which of the following nutrients plays a special role with respect to esophageal and colon cancer?

Back 27

folate

Front 28

The best action to take to decrease your risk of cancer is to:

Back 28

eat a wide variety of vegetables and fruits in generous quantities everyday.

Front 29

The U.S. "Fruit and Veggies: More Matters" program encourages people to:

Back 29

-consume enough fruits

-Consume enough vegetables

Front 30

A main difference between a person contracting an infectious disease or a chronic disease is:

Back 30

some infectious diseases can be cured with medications but chronic diseases cannot.

Front 31

A college student who is on a high-protein diet for weight loss that restricts fruits and vegetables has just gotten a viral infection in her intestines that has made her ill. What might have made her more susceptible than her roommate who is eating regular meals in the cafeteria.

Back 31

vitamin C deficiency from no fruits and vegetables has affected white blood cell protection

Front 32

A 58-year-old woman with hypertension and elevated LDL blood levels is complaining that she suddenly is feeling very tired, has shortness of breath and nausea, and has neck and shoulder pain. What would you advise her to do?

Back 32

go with you to emergency room because she may be having a heart attack

Front 33

A 48-year-old man who is overweight and has several family members with heart disease is concerned about developing it. Which risk factor does he have the ability to improve or change?

Back 33

weight

Front 34

All of the following are risk factors for CVD except:

Back 34

diastolic blood pressure of 80

Front 35

When trying to reduce the risk of heart disease, the most important risk factor to modify first is:

Back 35

high LDL cholesterol because of its role in plaque formation.

Front 36

To help control blood cholesterol you would:

Back 36

-consume oats, barley, and legumes.

-limit foods with trans fatty acids

Front 37

To minimize risks of CVD you would:

Back 37

-choose more fruits and whole grains

-consume 1 or 2 servings of fatty fish each week.

Front 38

Jack's physician has placed him on a diet recommended to control his blood cholesterol. In order to follow this plan Jack would:

Back 38

-consume 200mg cholesterol per day

-consume less than 7% of calories as saturated fat

Front 39

Which is best meal to help reduce LDL cholesterol levels in the blood?

Back 39

grilled salmon, wild rice, steamed broccoli, whole-wheat roll

Front 40

You are interested in controlling your risk of developing CVD. Which of the following would you do?

Back 40

-consume high levels of complex carbohydrates and fiber.

-substitute fish for red meat twice a week

Front 41

Which of the following is a major action involving blood pressure levels in the arteries?

Back 41

when the pressure is at the right level, cells receive nutrients and oxygen and release their wastes

Front 42

Which of the following individuals is at highest risk for developing hypertension?

Back 42

Jack, a 40-year-old African American male whose parents had hypertension

Front 43

Jeff is a 54-year-old male who is 5'6" tall, weighs 165 lbs, and has hypertension. The single most effective dietary measure Jeff can take is to:

Back 43

reduce his weight

Front 44

Your uncle is considering taking an herbal medicine to control his hypertension after seeing an add for product on the Internet. What information would you give him?

Back 44

check to see if the herbs in the product have interactions with any drugs he is taking

Front 45

Dietary guildelines for cancer prevention include:

Back 45

-controlling energy intake

-increasing intake of fruits and vegetables

Front 46

To reduce your risks of developing cancer you would:

Back 46

-have a high fruit and vegetable intake

-consume whole grains and other fiber-rich foods.

Front 47

Major actions in the arteries that lead to heart attack and stroke include:

Back 47

-formation of plaques leading to inflammation from a diet high in saturated fat.

-response to arterial damage by formation of blood clots that can break loose.

Front 48

The technique that allows identification of inherited disease tendencies by comparing patterns of gene expression is known as:

Back 48

DNA microarray technology

Front 49

The epigenome on the DNA strand has the responsibility of:

Back 49

regulating the expression of genes by turning them on or off

Front 50

Which of the following is an example of the effect of certain nutrients or foods on gene expression and disease development?

Back 50

-a phytochemical found in broccoli and broccoli sprouts has been shown to reverse uncontrolled cancer cell division in laboratory studies.

-supplementation of folate and vitamin B12 during pregnancy has been shown to turn off the "yellow and fat" gene in pups born to laboratory mice.