Nutrition Exam 3

Front 1

What vitamin are we especially concerned about exposure to light?

Back 1

Riboflavin

Front 2

Which vitamin are we especially concerned about exposure to air?

Back 2

Vitamin C

Front 3

How do we define fortification?

Back 3

Adding a nutrient to a food that is not typically in that food, it can be any food and any nutrient.

Front 4

Vitamin D is required for...

Back 4

The absorption of calcium

Front 5

We discussed two vitamins where there is strong evidence that a low intake is linked to increased cancer risk. It seems a large number of Americans are not getting enough, first noticed in the obese. What vitamin is it?

Back 5

Vitamin D

Front 6

________ is the yellow-orange pigment found in carrots.

Back 6

Beta-carotene

Front 7

What did we conclude regarding taking beta-carotene supplements and cancer risk?

Back 7

Supplements increased lung cancer incidence by up to 18% in smokers.

Front 8

Which vitamin toxicity leads to permanent nerve damage?

Back 8

Vitamin A

Front 9

When does your instructor most clearly and consistently recommend the use of vitamin supplements (pills)?

Back 9

All women planning to become pregnant should take a folic acid supplement

Front 10

What did we conclude regarding calcium supplementation?

Back 10

Your instructor does not recommend calcium supplements under any circumstance, they are too likely to cause over-intake

Front 11

Folic acid deficiency during pregnancy leads to...

Back 11

Neural tube defects in newborn

Front 12

Dermatitis, dementia and diarrhea are the symptoms of...

Back 12

Pellagra

Front 13

In our class discussion, which vitamin deficiency was named after the cry heard of islanders who were suffering from the paralysis resulting from the deficiency?

Back 13

Beriberi

Front 14

For which of the following vitamins did groups representing the elderly lobby against adding this nutrient to our food supply through bread fortification because too much of this vitamin "masks" the deficiency of another vitamin?

Back 14

Folic acid

Front 15

For which of the following vitamins was the deficiency observed in newborns consuming a poorly formulated infant formula?

Back 15

Vitamin B6

Front 16

What did we conclude in class would have the highest amount of calcium for a lactose intolerant person?

Back 16

Calcium fortified orange juice

Front 17

Why is xerophthalmia a consequence of vitamin A deficiency?

Back 17

Vitamin A is required for mucus production to keep the cornea moist.

Front 18

Which vitamin is important to the production of collagen, a protein found in skin and bone?

Back 18

Vitamin D

Front 19

What is the chemical name of Vitamin K?

Back 19

Menaquinone

Front 20

What is the chemical name of vitamin E

Back 20

Tocopherol

Front 21

What is a symptom of Vitamin A deficiency?

Back 21

Dry, cracked cornea

Front 22

What is a symptom of Vitamin K deficiency?

Back 22

Slow blood clotting

Front 23

What is a food source for vitamin D?

Back 23

Fortified milk

Front 24

What is a food source of Vitamin C?

Back 24

Asparagus

Front 25

What is a source of deficiency of Thiamin?

Back 25

Consumption of polished rice

Front 26

What is a food source for Thiamin?

Back 26

Enriched bread

Front 27

What is a sign of deficiency for Niacin?

Back 27

Consumption of corn bread

Front 28

What is the chemical name of Niacin?

Back 28

Niotinic Acid

Front 29

What is a sign of deficiency of Folic Acid?

Back 29

Common in pregnancy

Front 30

What is a sign of deficiency for Vitamin B 12?

Back 30

Common in the elderly

Front 31

What is the chemical name of Vitamin B 12

Back 31

Cyanocobalamin

Front 32

We have added nutrients to our food supply through enrichment and fortification, among other strategies. Which of the following strategies has not worked well, we still experience a high incidence of deficiency?

Back 32

fortified bread with iron

Front 33

Liver is the single richest source of iron. Other foods that are good sources of iron include...

Back 33

Foods cooked in cast iron

Front 34

The crystalline salts containing calcium and phosphorus deposited in bone are called...

Back 34

Hydroxyapatite

Front 35

When consumed with a meal, which beverage increases iron absorption most significantly?

Back 35

Orange juice

Front 36

In what area of the US did we discuss that iodine deficiency was relatively common until public health measures were taken to reduce incidence?

Back 36

States far from the sea, such as MInnestoa

Front 37

Which of the following calcium supplements did your instructor list as likely the best in terms of absorption but more expensive than most supplements?

Back 37

Calcium citrate or tartrate

Front 38

Which of the following is an example of a heme iron source?

Back 38

Roast beef

Front 39

What is heme iron and non heme iron?

Back 39

Heme iron is meat (absorbed well)
Non heme iron is everything else: plants, supplements, enriched grains, fortified foods (not well absorbed)

Front 40

Why do antioxidants likely reduce cancer risk?

Back 40

Reduces the growth of tumors by oxidizing the free radicals that normally stimulate growth

Front 41

In order to metabolize the amino acid glycine to maintain blood glucose leveled, we need the coenzyme made from..

Back 41

Vitamin b6

Front 42

We discussed that niacin over consumption has an unwanted side effect. What is that side effect?

Back 42

Dilatation of blood vessels at the surface of the skin.

Front 43

Meat is high in iron content, making it an excellent source of dietary iron. Give other specific reasons why a vegetarian, someone who consumes no meat, would be likely to develop iron deficiency? In other words, what is special about meat and iron.

Back 43

--Meat is a heme iron which meats it is well absorbed and not affected by the other dietary components
--Foods such as tea will interfere with non heme iron absorption by 75% due to tannins
--Meat has more iron

Front 44

Which vitamin did we begin to fortify in enrich bread beginning in 1998?

Back 44

Folic acid

Front 45

List groups that are high risk for developing iron deficiency and give a brief explanation of why that group is at risk.

Back 45

--Women; menstruation causes loss of red blood cells and iron. They need almost twice as much than men.
--Children; when they are weening off breast milk and onto regular food, they desire the bottle which is not a good source of iron.
-- Athletes; increasing the fluid part of blood from working out but red blood cells take a while to create. If tested they may show up anemic
-- Vegetarian; does not eat any meat, which is the best source of iron.

Front 46

which of the following nutrients is involved in energy metabolism, producing energy from glucose or fatty acids?

Back 46

thiamin