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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nutrients that act as Catalysts/Regulators... |
Water Vitamins Minerals |
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Diseases linked to diet... |
Heart Disease Stroke Cancer Diabetes Osteoporosis |
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Factors that affect chronic disease... |
Genes, Exercise, Age, Stress, Substances, Sleep |
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Leading causes of death in the U.S.... |
Heart Disease Cancers Strokes Diabetes Mellitus |
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Dietary disorders |
Iron deficiency Dehydration Calcium deficiency |
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Genetic disorders |
Sickle cell anemia Cystic fibrosis |
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Industrial processing... |
Used to make food more nourishing ex. Fortifying |
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Nutrition... |
The science of how food nourishes the body |
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The body requires 6 types of nutrients. They are... |
Carbohydrates Fat Protein Vitamins Minerals Water |
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Why do we need nutrients? |
To sustain body processes |
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Organic nutrients... |
Carbohydrates Fat Protein Vitamins |
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Inorganic nutrients... |
Minerals Water |
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Supplies the body with energy... |
Carbohydrates Lipids (fat) Protein |
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Healthy People is a series of... |
Goals published by the US department of HHS- updated every 10 years |
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Essential nutrients are... |
-Consumed from food -Cannot be made in sufficient #s in the body to meet it's health needs -Obtained thru diet |
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Nonessential nutrients... |
-Can be made in sufficient #s to meet body requirements |
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Energy-yielding nutrients... |
Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins |
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Carbohydrates= ____kcal/g |
4 |
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Protein= ____kcal/g |
4 |
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Fat= ____ kcal/g |
9 |
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Alcohol= ____ non-nutrient kcal/g |
7 |
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Macronutrients... |
Nutrients the body needs in LARGE amts. (Carbs, fats, protein, water) |
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Micronutrients... |
Nutrients the body needs in small amts. (Vitamins and Minerals) |
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Primary role of nutrients... |
Supply energy Regulate metabolism Provide structure |
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Unused energy is stored primarily as .... |
FAT |
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Healthy People 2020 goals includes... |
⬆️ fruits + veggies ⬇️solid fats + added sugars ⬇️ Osteoporosis ⬇️Food borne illness ⬇️Death from heart disease ⬆️# of schools that serve breakfast |
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Food energy is converted in our bodies to allow us to... |
Move ( mechanical) Generate + maintain heat (thermal) Send nerve signals( electrical) |
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Do liquid diets support optimal health? |
No |
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Whole foods... |
Food in it's natural state Considered to be most nutritious |
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Processed food... |
Altered in some way |
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Enriched foods... |
Various nutrients have been added to altered food |
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Functional foods... |
Can be whole or processed Contain compounds that have some impact on the body to reduce illness risk |
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Staple foods... |
Culturally defined major sources of calories ex. Bread, rice, etc. |
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Natural foods... |
No legal definition |
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How to evaluate a diet... |
ABCMV |
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ABCMV... |
Adequacy Balance Calorie control Moderation Variety |
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Influences on food choices... |
Culture/tradition Convenience Emotional comfort +/- associations Taste -(#1 influence) |
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Observational experiments can only establish... |
Correlation, not cause |
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Intervention experiments can establish... |
Cause and considered to be most powerful |
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Steps of changing behaviors... |
Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Action Maintenance Adoption it |
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Quackery... |
Nutrition advice based on motivation other than making you healthy |
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Examples of quackery... |
Infomercials Urban legends |
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Typically reliable sites... |
My plate PubMed Nutrition.gov |
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Daily range that should come from protein... |
10-35% |
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How many bacteria live in the GI tract? |
10 trillion |
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Daily range that should come from fat... |
20-35% |
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Women should get ____grams of fiber daily. |
25 grams |
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Men should get ____ grams of fiber daily. |
38 |
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Daily range that should come from carbs... |
45-65% |
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What do well planned diets deliver? |
Adequate and balance of nutrients |
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Adequate Intakes (AI) |
-Less reliable than RDA - Insufficient scientific evidence expected to exceed average requirements |
