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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Underweight women who fail to gain enough weight during pregnancy are more likely to bear ____________________.
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a child with low birth weight.
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Low birth weight = ___________.
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less than 5.5 lbs
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Low birth weight infants are _______ more likely to die.
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40 times
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Four other hazards of low birth weight?
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1. Lower IQ scores
2. Short 3. Educational disadvantages 4. Possible predisposition to develop chronic diseases as they grow older |
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A pregnancy is usually about ___________ long.
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39 weeks
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A pregnancy is broken up into 3 parts, each one called a ________.
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trimester
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Each trimester is roughly _______.
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13 weeks long
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Calorie needs during pregnancy are increased during pregnancy, but this is only in the _____________.
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second and third teimester
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The amount of additional kcal a pregnant normal weight woman should ingest is:
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an extra 340 in second trimester and an extra 450 in third trimester.
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________ is NOT a good idea during pregnancy.
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Dieting
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The DRI for pregnant women for protein needs is ________________.
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25 grams more a day than non-pregnant women
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Folate is needed for cell reproduction. Not getting enough can lead to _______________.
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neural tube birth defects
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For calcium needs, the fetus will draw upon the mothers_________________.
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bone stores during pregnancy.
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Iron needs go up to _____ of normal.
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150%
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Fetus draws on monthers iron stores to carry it through the first ____ months of life. Why?
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Six; Fetus is only drinking milk and gets iron from the mother.
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Zincs is needed for ______ and ____________.
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pro synthesis and cell development
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What can zinc deficiency result in?
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A low birth weight infant
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Prenatal supplements are usually multivitamins with extra _____,____, and ______.
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folate, zinc, and calcium
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Much of the weight women need to put on during pregnancy is ______ ______.
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lean tissue
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Normal weight women should gain ________ during pregnancy.
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25-35 lbs
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Underweight women need to gain _______ during pregnancy.
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28 lbs
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Overweight women should gain ______ during pregnancy.
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15 lbs
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For normal weight women, the majority of weight gain should be put on when?
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after the first triemster.
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During the 1st trimester, the goal weight increase is _________.
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3.5 lbs
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After the first trimester, the goal is _______.
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1.0 lb/week
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What are the complications of smoking during pregnancy?
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1. Retarded physical development of the fetus
2. Behavioral or intellectual problems later in life 3. Low birth weight of infant 4. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) |
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What does the FDA advise pregnant or lactating women?
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Not to eat large ocean fish due to high mercury levels
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Recommendation is that no more than _______ of fish per week.
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12 oz
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Recommendation for caffeine intake is to keep it to ________.
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1 cup of coffee or 2 12 oz sodas/day
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Most soda and diet soda (12 oz) contain how much caffeine?
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50 mg/darker sodas
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No doz (1 tablet) contain how much caffeine?
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200 mg (one tablet)
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Tea contain how much caffeine?
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20-110mg depending on the type.
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Milk chocolate contain how much caffeine?
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6 mg/oz
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Dark, semi sweet, or bakers chocolate contain how much caffeine?
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20-25 mg/oz
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Most credible organizations recommend breast feeding for at least how long?
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first 12 months of life
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From 6-12 months, it's recommended that both ___________________ be introduced.
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breast milk and complimentary foods
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What is breast feeding best?
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1. Its tailored to the infant.
2. Mothers milk give infant the right composition of Pro, CHO, and Fat. |
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Adult Recommendations for PROTEIN is 10-35%. How much is it for composition of breast milk?
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6%
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Adult Recommendation for FAT is 20-35%. How much is it for composition of breast milk?
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55%
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Adult Recommendation for CARBOHYDRATE is 45-65%. How much is it for composition of breast milk?
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39%
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Infants need more fat than adults to make sure they get more calories
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True
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Infants need less carbohydrate than adults. They just need enough to process protein and fat.
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True
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Infants who are breast fed score higher on mental development tests compared to formula fed. This may be due to the higher amount of what?
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EFA (essential fatty acids)
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A milkelike secretion from the breasts during the first day or so after delivery before milk appears; rich in protective factors.
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Colostrum
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Hormones help stimulate what?
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The development of the GI
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Mother milk contains substances which do what?
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Inhibit bacteria growth
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Breast feeding may protect an infant against chronic diseases later in life like what?
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Type 1 diabetes, HTM, obesity
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The only nutrient that is not found adequately in breast milk is what?
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Vitamin D
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What is the one advantage of formula over breast feeding?
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It contains vitamin D
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