Nutrition Ch. 17 & 18

Front 1

When is a tube feeding indicated?

Back 1

When an individual with a functioning GI tract is unable to eat enough food (or the appropriate type) by mouth to meet nutrient needs.

Front 2

What kind of tube feeding is appropriate for less than 4 weeks?

Back 2

nasogastric

Front 3

What kind of tube feeding is appropriate for more than 4 weeks?

Back 3

gastrostomy

Front 4

___ are liquid diets intended for oral use or for tube feedings.

Back 4

enteral formulas

Front 5

A liquid feeding that contains complete/intact proteins is called? It is appropriate for ppl who are able to digest and absorb nutrients without difficulty.

Back 5

standard

Front 6

A liquid feeding that contains broken down fragments of protein, such as amino acids and short peptide chains; It is appropriate for ppl who cannot digest nutrients well.

Back 6

hydrolyzed

Front 7

___ are formulas that provide a single nutrient and are designed to be added to other formulas.

Back 7

modules

Front 8

Standard formulas contain ___ kcalorie/ml.

Back 8

1.0

Front 9

Nutrient-dense formulas provide ___ kcalories/ml.

Back 9

1.2-2.0

Front 10

___ is the measure of the concentration of particles in a solution, expressed in milliosmoles.

Back 10

osmolality

Front 11

___ formula is a formula with an osmolality similar to that of blood serum.

Back 11

isotonic

Front 12

A ___ formula has an osmolality greater than that of blood serum.

Back 12

hypertonic

Front 13

An ___ system is where formulas are decanted from their original packaging and then added to a feeding container before they can be administered through a feeding tube.

Back 13

open

Front 14

A ___ system is where formulas come prepackaged and ready to be attached to a feeding tube for administration.

Back 14

closed

Front 15

What are the two most serious complications associated with tube feedings?

Back 15

1. The placement of a transnasal tube into the respiratory tract.
2. The aspiration of formula from the stomach into the lungs.

Front 16

The delivery of about 250-400 ml of formula over 30 min. or more is called?

Back 16

intermittent feedings

Front 17

Is the risk of aspiration higher with intermittent feedings or continuous feedings?

Back 17

intermittent feedings

Front 18

___ feedings are well tolerated.

Back 18

continuous

Front 19

___ feedings are well tolerated.

Back 19

continuous

Front 20

___ feedings are less costly and easier for people to use at home.

Back 20

intermittent

Front 21

___ feeding is the delivery of about 250 to 300 ml of formula over 10 minutes or less.

Back 21

bolus

Front 22

___ feedings require infusion pumps to help ensure accurate and constant flow rates.

Back 22

continuous

Front 23

___ is the volume of formula that remains in the stomach from the previous feeding.

Back 23

gastric residual

Front 24

List 4 tube feeding complications.

Back 24

1. Failure to estimate nutrient needs correctly.
2. Failure to ensure that the selected formula meets these needs limits the client's ability to achieve or maintain adequate nutrition status.
3. Mechanical problems: Clogged feeding tube
4. Metabolic complications: Dehydration

Front 25

Name the two enterostomies.

Back 25

gatrostomy, jejunostomy

Front 26

Dextrose provides ___ kcalories per gram, whereas glucose provides ___ kcalories per gram.

Back 26

3.4, 4

Front 27

When is parenteral nutrition indicated?

Back 27

Only when ppl cannot meet all of their nutrient needs using the enteral route.

Front 28

What nutrients can be given via IV (6)?

Back 28

Any or all of the essential nutrients: water, amino acids, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins, minerals

Front 29

___ nutrition is delivery of nutrient solutions directly into a vein, bypassing the GI tract.

Back 29

parenteral (IV)

Front 30

Simple IV solutions contain ___% dextrose and normal ___.

Back 30

5, saline

Front 31

___ nutrition allows the infusion of concentrated IV solutions so that energy and nutrient needs can be met in small volumes.

Back 31

central total parenteral nutrition

Front 32

___ nutrition is indicated whenever parenteral nutrition will be required for long periods of time, when nutrient requirements are high, or when people are severely malnourished.

Back 32

central total parenteral nutrition

Front 33

___ nutrition is the provision of an IV solution that meets nutrient needs delivered through the peripheral veins.

Back 33

peripheral parenteral

Front 34

___ nutrition is the provision of an IV solution that meets nutrient needs delivered through a central vein.

Back 34

central total parenteral

Front 35

___ nutrition relies on IV lipid emulsions to provide a concentrated source of kcalories.

Back 35

peripheral parenteral

Front 36

___ nutrition is for ppl with normal renal function who need only short-term nutrition support.

Back 36

peripheral parenteral nutrition

Front 37

___ nutrition is for ppl with normal renal function who need only short-term nutrition support (7-14 days).

Back 37

peripheral parenteral nutrition

Front 38

People who have high-energy requirements should be put on ___ nutrition.

Back 38

central total parenteral nutrition

Front 39

People whose veins are weak or collapse easily should be put on ___ nutrition.

Back 39

central TPN

Front 40

People who need additional nutrients temporarily to supplement an oral diet or tube feeding should be put on ___ nutrition.

Back 40

peripheral parenteral

Front 41

A catheter inserted into a peripheral vein and advanced into a central vein is called?

Back 41

peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)

Front 42

___ nutrition is the continuous administration of central TPN solution for 8 to 12 hours a day with time periods when no nutrients are infused during the rest of the day.

Back 42

cyclic parenteral

Front 43

Parenteral nutrition can be discontinued when at least some ___ to ___ percent of estimated energy needs are being met by oral intake, tube feeding, or a combination of the two.

Back 43

70, 75

Front 44

Who is involved in the nutrition support team (4)?

Back 44

1. Physician
2. Nurse
3. Dietitian
4. Pharmacist

Front 45

A document signed by a competent adult that specifically states whether the person wishes aggressive treatment in the event of terminal illness or irreversible coma from which the person is not expected to recover is called?

Back 45

living will