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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Why do we need Food (3) |
1. Energy (Glucose/Carbohydrates) 2. Supply Raw materials for new protoplasm 3. Stay healthy |
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Define Nutrients + Name 4 main nutrients |
Chemical substances that provide energy + materials Water Carbohydrates Fats Proteins |
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Water in Humans (4) |
1. Solvent where chem reactions take place. 2. Essential component of (Blood, Tissue fluids, Digestive Juices, Cells.) 3. Controls Body Temp. 4. Helps transport dissolved substances around the body. |
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Water in Plants (4) |
1. Photosynthesis 2. Keep plants upright through turgor pressure in plant cells. 3. Needed for the transport of dissolved m.s. up the xylem. 4. Needed for transport of food substances from leaves to all parts of the plant. |
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Water Lost During (3) |
1. Respiration 2. Sweating 3. Urination |
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Amount of Water Needed Depends on (3) |
1. How active 2. How healthy 3. Environmental Conditions |
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Carbohydrates - Made Of - General Formula |
Organic Molecules made of - C. arbon - H. ydrogen - O. xygen H:O 2:1 CnH2mOm |
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Monosaccarides |
Fructose Glucose Galactose |
F2G |
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Disaccharides |
Maltose Sucrose Lactose |
MSL MALzahar (MAL) SejUani (SU) No Milk (LAC) |
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Polysaccharides |
Glycogen Cellulose Starch |
GCS |
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Reducing Sugars |
Mono + Di - Sucrose |
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Define Condensation Reaction (4) |
1. Chemical reaction where 2 simple molecules 2. are joined together 3. to form a larger molecule 4. with the removal of one water molecule |
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Define Hydrolysis (3) |
1. Reaction in which a water molecule is needed 2. to break up a complex molecule 3. into simple substances. |
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Benedict's Test - For - Procedure - Results |
For Reducing Sugars 1. Add BS to food sample in test tube 2. Shake the mixture 3. Heat the contents in boiling water for 2-3min Results: Blue (sol) > Green > Yellow > Orange > Orange Red |
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Polysaccharides Functions (2 each) |
Starch: 1. Storage of carbs in plants 2. Found in storage organs of humans Cellulose: 1. Cell wall protects plant cell 2. Dietary Fibres prevent constipation Glycogen: 1. Storage of carbs for animals 2. Digested to form glucose when needed |
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Hydrolysis of Starch |
Starch - Amylase > Maltose - Maltase > Glucose |
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Iodine Test - For - Procedure - Results |
For Starch 1. Add food sample o clean test tube 2. Add iodine solution Results: - Solution turns Blueblack if positive - Has a brown coloration if negative |
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Functions of Carbs (6) |
1. Broken down in respiration to produce energy for cell activities (mitochondria) 2. Form sp structures 3. Converted into other organic compounds (amino acids & fats) 4. Form part of nucleic acids (DNA) 5. Used to synthesize lubricants 6. Synthesize nectar in plants |
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Fats - Made Of - Molecules of |
C. arbon H. ydrogen O. xygen H:O H much less, ratio not fixed Molecules of: 3 Fatty Acids 1 Glycerol |
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Hydrolysis of Fats |
Fat Molecule + 3H2O > Glycerol + 3 Fatty Acids |
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Ethanol Emulsion Test - For - Procedure - Results |
For Fats Procedure: 1. Add Ethanol to food sample in a test tube. 2. Shake vigorously. 3. Decant water into the test tube and shake the mixture. Results: Positive - Cloudy White emulsion Negative - Remains clear |
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Functions of Fats (5) |
1. Source & store of energy. 2. Insulating material. (prevent excessive heat loss) 3. Solvent for fat soluble vitamins and hormones. 4. Main part of Cell Membranes. 5. Help reduce Water Loss from skin surface. |
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Proteins - Made Of - Basic Unit |
C. arbon H. ydrogen O. xygen N. itrogen Basic Unit: Amino Acids AA > Polypeptide Chains > Protein |
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Amino Acids - Define - Draw Structure |
- Building Blocks of Proteins Nh2 - CH - COOH l R |
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Functions of Protein (4) |
1. Growth and repair of worn out cells. Synthesis of 2. New Protoplasm. 3. Enzymes & some Hormones. 4. Antibodies |
Grow & repair old Synthesize 3 things |
