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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
First-Generation Sulfonylureas
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Acetohexamide (Dymelor)
Chlorpropamide (Diabinese) Tolazamide (Tolinase) Tolbutamide (Orinase) |
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Acetohexamide (Dymelor)
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First-Generation Sulfonylureas
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Chlorpropamide (Diabinese)
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First-Generation Sulfonylureas
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Tolazamide (Tolinase)
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First-Generation Sulfonylureas
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Tolbutamide (Orinase)
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First-Generation Sulfonylureas
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First Generation Sulfonylureas
Acetohexamide (Dymelor) Chlorpropamide (Diabinese) Tolazamide (Tolinase) Tolbutamide (Orinase) ACTION |
stimulates beta cells of pancreas to secrete insulin
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First Generation Sulfonylureas
Acetohexamide (Dymelor) Chlorpropamide (Diabinese) Tolazamide (Tolinase) Tolbutamide (Orinase) SIDE EFFECTS |
-hypoglycemia
-mild GI symptoms -weight gain -interactions, NSAIDS, warfarin, sulfoamides -sulfa allergy -skin reactions |
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First Generation Sulfonylureas
Acetohexamide (Dymelor) Chlorpropamide (Diabinese) Tolazamide (Tolinase) Tolbutamide (Orinase) IMPLICATIONS |
-monitor for hypoglycemia
-monitor glucose, ketones -avoid w alcohol |
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Second-Generation Sulfonylureas
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Glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL)
Glyburide (Micronase, Glynase, Dia-Beta) Glimepiride (Amaryl) |
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Glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL)
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Second-Generation Sulfonylureas
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Glyburide (Micronase, Glynase, Dia-Beta)
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Second-Generation Sulfonylureas
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Glimepiride (Amaryl)
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Second-Generation Sulfonylureas
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Second-Generation Sulfonylureas
Glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL) Glyburide (Micronase, Glynase, Dia-Beta) Glimepiride (Amaryl) ACTION |
-stimulates beta cells of pancreas to secrete insulin
-type II diabetes to control glucose -more potent effects than 1st generation -can be used in combination with metformin or insulin |
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Second-Generation Sulfonylureas
Glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL) Glyburide (Micronase, Glynase, Dia-Beta) Glimepiride (Amaryl) SIDE EFFECTS |
-hypoglycemia
-mild GI symptoms -weight gain -interactions (NSAIDS, warfarin, sulfonamides) -sulfa allergy |
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Second-Generation Sulfonylureas
Glipizide (Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL) Glyburide (Micronase, Glynase, Dia-Beta) Glimepiride (Amaryl) IMPLICATIONS |
-monitor hypoglycemia, glucose, ketones
-avoid alcohol |
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Biguanides
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Metformin (Glucophage, Glucophage XL, Fortamet)
Metformin with glyburide (Glucovance) |
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Metformin (Glucophage, Glucophage XL, Fortamet)
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Biguanides
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Metformin with glyburide (Glucovance)
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Biguanides
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Biguanides
Metformin (Glucophage, Glucophage XL, Fortamet) Metformin with glyburide (Glucovance) ACTION |
-inhibits production of glucose by liver
-increases body sensitivity to insulin -used in type II to control glucose |
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Biguanides
Metformin (Glucophage, Glucophage XL, Fortamet) Metformin with glyburide (Glucovance) SIDE EFFECTS |
-lactic acidosis
-hypoglycemia -drug interactions -GI disturbances -not for pts with impaired renal or liver function, resp insufficiency, severe infection, or alcohol abuse |
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Biguanides
Metformin (Glucophage, Glucophage XL, Fortamet) Metformin with glyburide (Glucovance) IMPLICATIONS |
-monitor for lactic acidosis & hypoglycemia
-monitor renal function -increased risk for renal failure -interactions |
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Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
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Acarbose (Precose)
Miglitol (Glyset) |
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Acarbose (Precose)
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Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
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Miglitol (Glyset)
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Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
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Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Acarbose (Precose) Miglitol (Glyset) ACTION |
-delay absorption of complex carbs in the intestine...
-slows entry of glucose into systemic circulation -type II -used alone or in combination |
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Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Acarbose (Precose) Miglitol (Glyset) SIDE EFFECTS |
-hypoglycemia
-GI effects (distention, gas, discomfort) -interactions |
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Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Acarbose (Precose) Miglitol (Glyset) IMPLICATIONS |
-must be taken with 1st bite to be effective
-monitor GI effects -monitor liver functions -hypoglycemia must be treated with glucose NOT sucrose |
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Non-Sulfonylurea Insulin Secretagogues
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Repaglinide (Prandin)
Nateglinide (Starlix) |
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Repaglinide (Prandin)
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Non-Sulfonylurea Insulin Secretagogues
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Nateglinide (Starlix)
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Non-Sulfonylurea Insulin Secretagogues
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Non-Sulfonylurea Insulin Secretagogues
Repaglinide (Prandin) Nateglinide (Starlix) ACTION |
-stimulate pancreas to secrete insulin
-type II -alone or in combination -rapid action/short half life |
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Non-Sulfonylurea Insulin Secretagogues
Repaglinide (Prandin) Nateglinide (Starlix) SIDE EFFECTS |
-hypoglycemia
-weight gain -interactions |
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Non-Sulfonylurea Insulin Secretagogues
Repaglinide (Prandin) Nateglinide (Starlix) IMPLICATIONS |
-monitor glucose
-take only if able to eat meal immediately -before each meal |
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Thiazolidinediones (or glitazones)
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Pioglitazone (Actos)
Rosiglitazone (Avandia) |
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Pioglitazone (Actos)
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Thiazolidinediones (or glitazones)
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Rosiglitazone (Avandia)
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Thiazolidinediones (or glitazones)
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Thiazolidinediones (or glitazones)
Pioglitazone (Actos) Rosiglitazone (Avandia) ACTION |
-sensitize body tissue to insulin
-stimulate insulin receptor sites to lower b glucose & improve action of insulin -alone or in combination |
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Thiazolidinediones (or glitazones)
Pioglitazone (Actos) Rosiglitazone (Avandia) SIDE EFFECTS |
-hypoglycemia
-anemia -weight gain/edema -decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives -possible liver dysfunction -interactions -impaired platelet function |
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Thiazolidinediones (or glitazones)
Pioglitazone (Actos) Rosiglitazone (Avandia) IMPLICATIONS |
-monitor glucose
-monitor liver function -instruct pt about oral contraceptives not being as effective |
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Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitor
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Sitagliptin (Januvia)
Vildaglipin (Galvus) |
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Sitagliptin (Januvia)
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Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitor
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Vildaglipin (Galvus)
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Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitor
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Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitor
Sitagliptin (Januvia) Vildaglipin (Galvus) ACTION |
-increase & prolongs action of incretin (hormone that increases insulin release & decreases glucagon levels, result of improved glucose control)
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Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitor
Sitagliptin (Januvia) Vildaglipin (Galvus) SIDE EFFECTS |
-upper resp infection
-stuffy nose/sore throat -headache -stomach discomfort/diarrhea -hypoglycemia if used with sulfonylurea |
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Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitor
Sitagliptin (Januvia) Vildaglipin (Galvus) IMPLICATIONS |
-1/day
-alone or with other orals -monitor renal function |