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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Adventitious Sounds
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Abnormal breath sounds
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Alopecia
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Hair Loss
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Receptive Aphasia
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Person cannot understand speech. Verbal and/or written
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Expressive Aphasia
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A person can understand written speech but cannot speak or write in response
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Apical Impulse or point of maximal impulse
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The apex of the heart at approximately the fourth to fifth intercostal space just medial to the left midclavicular line
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Arcus Senilis
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A thin white ring along the margin of the iris
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Atrophied
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Muscle that has reduced in size
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Auscultation
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Listening to the sounds the body makes to determine abnormalities
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Borborygmi
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Growling sounds heard which indicate GI motility
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Bruit
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A blowing or swishing sound heard through arteries
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Cerumen
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A yellow waxy substance in the ear
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Adventitious sounds
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abnormal breath sound
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Clubbing
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A bulging of the tissues at the nail base
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Conjunctivitis
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Highly contagious infection in the conjunctivae of the eye
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Cyanosis
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Bluish, Ashen Gray, or Yellow Brown discoloration in skin which signifies a lack of oxygenation to tissues
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Distention
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Swelling in the abdomen
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Dysrhythmia
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Failure of the heart to beat at regular successive intervals
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Ectropion
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Lid margins that turn outwards in older adults
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Entropion
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Lid margins that turn inwards in older adults
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Edema
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Swelling of the skin from a buildup of fluid within the tissues
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Erythema
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Red discoloration of the skin
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Excoriation
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Localized skin breakdown characterized by redness and sloughing of skin
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Goniometer
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Measures precise degree of motion in a particular joint
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Hypertonicity
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Increased muscle tone
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Hypotonicity
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Decreased or no muscle tone
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Indurated
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Hardened skin
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Inspection
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To carefully look, listen and smell to distinguish normal from abnormal findings
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Integumentary System
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Body system: Skin, hair, scalp and nails
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Jaundice
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yellow-orange discoloration
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Kyphosis
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Hunchback, or an exaggeration of the posterior curvature of the thoracic spine
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Lordosis
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Swayback or increased lumbar curvature
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Malignancy
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Infections on the lymph nodes
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Murmurs
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Sustained swishing or blowing sounds heard through the heart valves at the beginning, middle , end of the systolic/diastolic phase caused by increase or backward flow of blood
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Nystagmus
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an involuntary rhythmical oscillation of the eyes which occurs as a result of local eye injury or a disorder of the cranial nerve innervating the muscles
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Olfaction
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the process of smelling body odors to determine abnormalities
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Orthopnea
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abnormal condition where a person must sit or stand to breath comfortably
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Osteoporosis
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a systemic skeletal conditionthat is noted to have decrease bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, making bones fragile and at risk for fracture
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Ototoxicity
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injury to auditory nerve from high maintenance doses of antibiotics
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Palpation
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using the sense of touch to gather information
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Percussion
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tapping the skin with the fingertips vibrate underlying tissues and organs
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Peristalsis
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the movement of contents through the intestines
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PERRLA
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Pupils equal, round, reactive to light, and accomodation
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Petechiae
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nonblanching, pin-point size, red or purple spots on the skin caused by small hemorrhages in the skin layers
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Pigmentation
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skin color which can range from ivory to light pink to ruddy pink in light skin to deep brown or olive in dark skin
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Polyps
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Tumour like growths on the skin
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Ptosis
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abnormal drooping of the lid over the pupil
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Ptosis
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an abnormal drooping of the lid over the pupil
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Scoliosis
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a lateral spine curvature
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Stenosis
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Narrowing of an artery
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Striae
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stretch marks
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Syncope
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circulatory arrest, which can lead to fainting in adults
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Thrill
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A continuous palpable sensation that resembles the purring of a cat
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Turgor
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refers to the elasticity of the skin
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Ventricular gallop
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Occurs after s2 and is caused by a premature rush of blood into a ventricle that is stiff or dilated as a result of heart failure and hypertension
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vocal of tactile fremitus
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the sounds created by the vocal cords is transmitted though the lung to the chest wall
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Name the 2 Natural Rubber Latex Allergy Responses
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Type 1: Develop antibodies immunoglobulin E which eads to an anaphylactic response
Type 4: A delayed reaction that appears 12-48 hours after exposure |
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Before starting a physical examination, what should you have the patient do?
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Go to the restroom
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Name the 8 positions for examination
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Sitting
Supine Dorsal Recumbent Lithotomy Sims' Prone Lateral Recumbent Knee-Chest |
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The smell of alcohol in the oral cavity has what as the potential cause? (2)
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Alcohol
Diabetes |
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The smell of ammonia in the urine was what as the potential cause? (2)
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Urinary Tract Infection
Renal Failure |
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The smell of body odor in the skin particularly where body parts rub together has what as the potential cause?(3)
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Poor hygiene
Excess perspiration(Hyperhidrosis) Foul-smelling perspiration(Bromhidrosis) |
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The smell of body odor from a wound site can indicate?
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Wound Abcess
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The smell of body odor vomitus can indicate what as the potential cause?(2)
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Abdominal irritation
Contaminated food |
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The smell of Feces from the oral cavity has what as the ptoential cause?
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Bowel Obstruction
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The smell of halitosis in the oral cavity can indicate what as the potential cause? (2)
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Poor dental and oral hygiene
Gum disease |
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The odor of foul-smelling stools in infants can indicate what as the potential cause?
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Malabsorption Syndrome
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The smell of sweet, fruity ketones from the oral cavity can indicate what as the potential cause?
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Diabetic acidosis
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The smell of stale urine on the skin indicates what as the potential cause?
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Uremic Acidosis
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A sweet, heavy thick odor from a draining wound indicates what as a potential cause?
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Pseudomonas (bacterial) Infection
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A musty odor from a casted body part indicates what as a potential cause?
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Infection inside the body cast
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A fetid, sweet odor from tracheostomy or mucus secretions indicates what as a potential cause?
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Infection of the bronchial tree with Pseudomonas Bacteria
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Name the types of Primary skin lesions
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Macule
Papule Nodule TUmor Wheal Vesicle Pustule Ulcer Atrophy |
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A type of skin lesion that is flat, nonpalpable change in skin color; snakker than 1 cm
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Macule
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Gvie an example of a macule
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Freckle
Petechiae |
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A type of skin lesion that is palpable, circumscribed, with a solid elevation and is smaller than 1 cm.
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Papule
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Give an example of a papule
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Elevated Nevus(mole)
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A type of skin lesion that is an elevated solid mass, deeper and firmer than a papule 1-2 cm
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Nodule
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Give an example of a nodule
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Wart
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A type of skin lesion that is a solid mass that extends deep through subcutaneous tissue, and is larger that 10-2 cm
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Tumor
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Give an example of a tumor
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Epithelioma
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Type of skin lesion that is irregularly shaped, has an elevated area of spuerficial localized edema and varies in size
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Wheal
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Give an example of a wheal
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Hive
Mosquito Bite |
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A type of skin lesion that has a circumscribed elevation of skin filled with serous fluid, smaller than 1 cm.
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Vesicle
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Give an example of a vesicle.
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Herpes Simplex
Chicken Pox |
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A type of skin lesion that has circumscribed elevation and is similar to a vesicle but filled with pus and varies in size
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Pustule
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Give an example of a pustule
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Acne
Staphylococcal Infection |
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A type of skin lesion that is characterized by deep loss of skin surface that extends to dermis and frequently bleeds and scars; varies in size
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Ulcer
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Give an example of an ulcer
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venous stasis ulcer
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A type of skin lesion that is characterized by thinning of skin with loss of normal skin furrow, with skin appearing shiny and translucent; varies in size
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Atrophy
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Give an example of atrophy
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Arterial insufficiency
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Name common eyes and vision problems
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Hyperopia
Myopia Presbyopia Retinopathy Strabismus Cataracts Glaucoma Macular Degeneration |
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Farsightedness
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Hyperopia
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Nearsightedness
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Myopia
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Impaired near vision in middle-age older adults caused by loss of elasticity of the lens and is associated with the aging process
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Presbyopia
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A noninflaamatory eye disporder resulting from changes in retinal blood vessels. It is a leading cause of blindness
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Retinopathy
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Cross-eyed
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Strabismus
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Increased opacity of the lens which blocks light rays from entering the eye
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Cataracts
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Intraocular structural damage resulting from elevated intraocular pressure
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Glaucoma
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