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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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carbohydrates
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(saccharides)
composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen include: sugars & starches function: energy metabolism & storage, structural support for cells & organisms |
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lipids
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repel water
composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen have lower oxygen content than carbohydrates and are less oxidized store more energy than carbohydrates long-term energy sources |
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hormonal proteins
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functions: chemical messengers
ex: insulin, glucagon |
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transport proteins
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functions: transports other substances
ex: hemoglobin, carrier proteins |
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structural proteins
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functions: physical support
ex: collagen |
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contractile proteins
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functions: movement
ex: actin, myosin |
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antibodies proteins
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functions: immune defense
ex: immunoglobins, interferons |
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enzyme proteins
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functions: biological catalysts
ex: amylase, lipase, ATPase |
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enzymes
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act as catalysts for all biochemical reactions
increase reaction rates by lowering activation energy |
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nucleic acids
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act as informational molecules
include DNA and RNA |
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glycolysis
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a metabolic pathway that is a series of biochemical reactions that have a common purpose
the first biochemical pathway in the capture of energy from glucose consists of 10 steps, each catalyzed by an enzyme uniquely evolved to catalyze that reaction energy is captured to make NADH |
