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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Holistic Approach
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The whole person: physical, psychological, spiritual, social, cultural, sexuality
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Piaget's Developmental Stages (stage 1)
Sensorimotor inelligence |
1st: sensorimotor intelligence (birth to 18 months) Formation of complex & motor schemes. Infant can exercise some control
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Piaget's Stage 2
Preoperational thought |
< 5-6 years, learn through language, imitation, imagery, symbolic play, drawing
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Piaget's Stage 3
Concrete Operational Thought |
<6-7, early adolescense, logical more successful with problem solving
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Piaget's Stage 4
Formal Operational Thought |
< Adolescense-adulthood- conceptualize, problem solving, able to reason about their reasoning
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Erik Erikson:
Psychosocial Theory |
A period of life that is characterized by a specific underlying organization. At every stage, some characteristics differentiate that stage from the preceeding and succeeding stages.
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Life Stage: Birth to 2 years
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Trust vs. Mistrust
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Toddlerhood (2-3)
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Autonomy vs. shame and doubt. Gain self control & independence, potty training
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Early school age ( 4-6)
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Initiative vs. guilt. Goal to develop sense of purpose and abiliy to initiate and direct one's own activities
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Middle Childhood (6-12)
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Industry vs. inferiority. Achieve sense of self confidence thru learning, competition, receiving recognition from others
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Early Adolescense (12-18)
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Group identity vs. alienation. Integrate tasks mastered from previous stages into self identity
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Later Adolescense (18-24)
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Individual identity vs. identity confusion.
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Early Adulthood (24-34)
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Intimacy vs. Isolation. Looking for relationships ( long lasting, intimate, intense) friend, lover
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Middle Adulthood (34-60)
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Generativity vs. stagnation. Leaving the world in better place, volunteering.
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Later Adulthood (60-75)
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Intergrity vs. despair. Reevaluating life choices, ok with life, or afraid to die with regrets
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Spirituality
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Transcend the self and connect with others.
Gives meaning to life. Impacts ability to trust, love, forgive. Gain hope |
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Role of spirituality
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Inner strength, a way to cope, external locus of control ( in God's hands), internal locus of control (mine over my life), Wholeness
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Sexuality
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Intimate relationships. Basic need. Part of who a person is.
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Culture
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Based on family values, educational differences, body language, speech, food, people conform to avoid judgement
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Cultural awareness
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4 levels: My way is the only way. (don't accept others)
I know their way but my way is better. (conform to differences) My way and their way. (being open but my way is better) Our way (2 cultures come togethe for common goal) |
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Barriers to intercultural communication:
Ethnocentrism |
My way or highway, believe my culture is superior
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Assumptions and stereotypes
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Judgements that we make
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Language differences
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Find a way to communicate, use visual cues, slow down speech, body language
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Closed-mindedness
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Not open to different perspectives and choices
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Lack of knowledge
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Educate self to be more tolerant
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