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84 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Abscess
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A collection of pus in the tissue, usually in a confined space
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12.164
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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
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Viral disease, transmitted through direct contact with the bodily secretions of an infected person
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12.168
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Airborne Transmission
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Small particles remain suspended in the air and move with the air currents, or become trapped in dust then patients breathe them in
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12.160
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Allergy
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Sensitivity responses
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12.161
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Antibiotic
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Antibacterial drug
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12.162
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Antibody
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Blood develops substances in response to antigens entering the body
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12.161
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Antigen
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A pathogenic microbe that enter the body
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12.161
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Bacillus, Bacilli
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Straight rod (bacteria)
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12.155
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Bacteremia
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Bacterial infection widespread throughout the bloodstream (systemic)
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12.160
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Bacteria, Bacterium
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Simple one-celled microbes
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12.155
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Bedbugs
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Parasites that have been found throughout the world
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12.175
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Bioterrorism
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Use of biological agents (pathogenic organisms or agricultural pests) for terrorist purposes
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12.171
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Carrier
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Persons who are infectious and can give a disease to others
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12.159
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Causative Agent
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Microorganism that can produce the disease in humans
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12.157
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Chain of Infection
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Certain conditions = infection occurs
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12.156
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Coccus (cocci)
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Round or spherical bacteria
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12.155
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Colony
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Group of organisms derived from a single organism – bacteria grow in groups called colonies
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12.177
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Contact Transmission
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Direct contact occurs with a person who is the reservoir of the pathogens
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12.160
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Contagious
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Capable of passing the infection to others
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12.163
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Contaminated
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Unclean, impure, soiled with microbes
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12.159
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Culture and Sensitivity
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Culture tells what type of microbe is causing the infection
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12.162
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Diplo-
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Pairs (how bacteria grows)
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12.155
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Distended
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Enlarged
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12.165
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Droplet Transmission
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Droplets are moist particles produced by people coughing, sneezing, talking, laughing, or singing; pathogens are transmitted into the air with the droplets
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12.160
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Dysentery
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Infection in the lower bowel
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12.156
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Escherichia Coli (E Coli) 0157:H7
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A strain of bacteria (not found in humans); a pathogen that multiplies rapidly and produces large amounts of toxins that cause serious illness and death
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12.165
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Flora
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Microbes that live in and on our body
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12.160
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Fomites
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Objects that become contaminated with infectious material that contains the microbe
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12.159
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Fungi, Fungus
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Class of organisms to which molds and yeast belong
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12.156
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Hantavirus
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A virus spread by contact with rodents (rats and mice) or their excretions, causes serious illness and death
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12.170
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Head Lice
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Parasites that spread primarily by direct contact with an infected person
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12.173
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Hemoptysis
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Spitting up blood
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12.163
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Hepatitis
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An inflammation of the lives caused by several viruses
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12.167
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Host
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The person who harbors infectious organisms
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12.160
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Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
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Virus that causes AIDS; transmitted by blood
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12.168
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Immune Response
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The body develops protective proteins after having an infectious disease
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12.161
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Immunity
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The ability to fight off disease caused by microbes
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12.161
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Immunization
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Artificial defenses
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12.161
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Immunosuppression
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Occurs when body’s immune system is inadequate and fails to respond to the challenge of infectious disease organisms that it normally would fight successfully
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12.162
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Incubation
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Development of bacteria in body between time of exposure and onset of signs and symptoms
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12.159
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Infection
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Occurs when pathogens invade the body and cause disease
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12.155
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Infectious
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Capable of transmitting the disease agent
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12.160
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Inflammation
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Process that brings blood and phagocytes to the area of infection
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12.161
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Jaundice
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Yellow coloring of the skin and sclera
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12.168
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Listeriosis
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Caused by ingesting bacteria (Listeria Monocytogenes) in contaminated food
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12.163
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Methicillin-resistant Staphyloccus Aureus (MRSA)
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Staphylococci normally found on skin and mucous membranes; one group of organisms that have become resistant to 2 powerful antibiotics: methicillin and vancomycin
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12.162
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Microbe
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(micro- = small) Small organisms; also called microorganisms
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12.155
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Microorganism
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(micro- = small) Small organisms; also called microbes
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12.155
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Mite
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Parasite that caused scabies
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12.174
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Mold
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A type of fungi; most common mold infection; of the lungs = aspergilla
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12.156
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Necrotizing Fasciitis
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Strep A causes this serious skin infection ‘flesh-eating’ strep
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12.163
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Nits
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Tiny, oval-shaped eggs, yellow-white in color
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12.173
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Nonpathogen
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Microbes that cause diseases; good to us
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12.155
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Organism
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Living being
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12.155
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Parasite
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An organism that lives in or on another organism without benefiting the host organism
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12.156
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Pathogen
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Pathogenic organisms; bad to us; cause diseases
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12.155
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Petechiae
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Small purplish spots on the body surface caused by minute hemorrhages
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12.165
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Phagocyte
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Special cells in the blood that destroy microbes
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12.161
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Portal of Entry
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Organisms enter the body through a portal of entry [cut in skin, respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, circulatory system, and transplacental (mother to child)]
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12.159
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Portal of Exit
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Organisms leave the body through body secretions (feces, urine, draining wounds, excretions of respiratory tract, or genital tract)
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12.159
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Protozoa, Protazoan
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Simple, one-celled organisms that live on living matter
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12.156
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Pseudomembranous Colitis
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Very serious condition where diarrhea is caused by a bacterium called Clostridium diffle (C Diff)
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12.165
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Reservoir
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Where pathogens can survive (human, insects/animals, environment, fomites)
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12.157
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Risk Factor
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Conditions that indicate a problem may develop, causing a patient’s health to worsen
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12.160
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Scabies
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Disease of the skin caused by mites
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12.174
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Seizure
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Convulsions
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12.165
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Seropositive
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HIV positive; show antibodies to HIV in bloodstream
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12.169
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
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Viral respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus
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12.170
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Source
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Where pathogens can survive
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12.157
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Spirillum, Spirilla
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Spiral, corkscrew, slight curved bacteria
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12.155
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Spores
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Microscopic reproductive bodies that are responsible for the spread of some diseases
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12.166
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Staphylo-
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Clusters; bacteria arrangement
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12.155
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Strepto-
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Chains; bacteria arrangement
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12.155
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Streptcoccus A
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A bacterium that produces very powerful enzymes that destroy tissue and blood cells
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12.163
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Toxin
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Poisons
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12.161
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Transmission
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Spread
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12.160
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Tubercle
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Body put up this as a barrier in responding to infection
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12.163
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Tuberculosis Disease
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This develops if the tubercle breaks down or more tuberculosis bacteria enter the body
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12.163
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Tuberculosis Infection
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Occurs when the bacterium that causes the disease enters the body
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12.163
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Vaccine
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Artificial or weakened antigens that help the body develop antibodies to prevent infectious disease
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12.161
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Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE)
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Enterococci found in gastrointestinal tract; one group of organisms that have become resistant to 2 powerful antibodies: methicillin and vancomycin
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12.162
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Vector
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Carrier and transmit diseases
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12.160
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Virus
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Smallest microbe
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12.156
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Yeast
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Single-celled building; can infect mouth, skin, feet; one of 2 groups of fungi
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12.156
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