Nurs 164: Acute Care Cna Exam #1

Front 1

anoxia

Back 1

deficiency of oxygen

Front 2

atelectasis

Back 2

a collapsed or airless state of the lungs

Front 3

dyspnea

Back 3

difficult or labored respirations

Front 4

hypoxemia

Back 4

low oxygen content in the blood

Front 5

apnea

Back 5

temporary cessation of breathing ; no respirations; referred to as respiratory arrest

Front 6

eupnea

Back 6

normal breathing

Front 7

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

Back 7

respirations which regularly decrease in rate and depth until a period of apnea occurs. the respirations then begin clearly to increase in rate and depth to repeat the cycle; irregular rhythm characterized by alternating periods of hyperventilation/hypoventilation and apnea

Front 8

hyperpnea

Back 8

abnormally deep respiration

Front 9

hyperventilation

Back 9

increased rate and/or depth of respirations; associated with CO2 loss and dizziness

Front 10

hypoventilation

Back 10

decreased rate and depth of respiration

Front 11

Kussmaul respirations

Back 11

deep gasping respiration; associated with diabetic coma; deep rapid respirations associated with diabetic ketoacidosis

Front 12

orthopnea

Back 12

difficulty breathing except when sitting upright

Front 13

crackles

Back 13

fine to coarse sounds from larger bronchi; heard on inspiration and expiration

Front 14

rhonchi

Back 14

usually coarser sounds from larger bronchi; heard on inspiration and expiration; may be cleared by coughing

Front 15

stridor

Back 15

noisy respirations characterized by whistling sounds as air moves through partially obstructed larynx or trachea in spasm

Front 16

pneumothorax

Back 16

free air in the pleural cavity between the chest wall and lung

Front 17

hemoptysis

Back 17

expectorating blood

Front 18

pyrexia

Back 18

abnormal elevation of body temperature

Front 19

hyperthermia

Back 19

a body temperature that is much higher than the person's normal range

Front 20

febrile

Back 20

of or indicating fever; when the body temperature is higher than 100.6

Front 21

hypothermia

Back 21

drop in the core body temperature

Front 22

afebrile

Back 22

free from fever

Front 23

pulse deficit

Back 23

the difference between the apical and radial pulse rates

Front 24

asystole

Back 24

a condition of weakening or cessation of systole

Front 25

systole / systolic phase

Back 25

the period of heart muscle contraction; the period when the heart is pumping; contraction phase of the heart

Front 26

diastole / diastolic phase

Back 26

the period of heart muscle relaxation; the period when the heart is at rest; relaxation phase of the heart

Front 27

atrial fibrillation

Back 27

when the heart has an arrhythmia and the atrium of the heart "quivers"

Front 28

palpate / palpation

Back 28

to examine by feeling and pressing with the palms of the hands and fingers; when you feel the pulse by touch

Front 29

tachycardia

Back 29

a rapid heart rate; a heart rate above 100 beats/min

Front 30

bradycardia

Back 30

a slow heart rate; a heart rate below 60 beats/min

Front 31

tachypnea

Back 31

rapid breathing; respirations are 24 or more per minute

Front 32

orthopnea

Back 32

DELETE

Front 33

orthostatic hypotension

Back 33

decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mm Hg or more, or diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg or more after 3 minutes of quietly standing after lying supine; food ingestion, time of day, age and hydration, Parkinsons and Diabetes

Front 34

hypertension

Back 34

when the blood pressure is > 140/90

Front 35

hypotension

Back 35

when the blood pressure is < 90/60

Front 36

the temperature taken in the ear is known as _______ or _______ temperature

Back 36

tympanic or ear

Front 37

the temperature regulating center in the brain

Back 37

hypothalamus

Front 38

body temperature is highest between _______ hours

Back 38

night

Front 39

a patient should be in the _______ position for a rectal temperature

Back 39

Sims

Front 40

rectal temperature is contraindicated when:

Back 40

patient has a heart condition, hemorroids, recently undergone rectal surgery, or has diarrhea

Front 41

the apical pulse is located _______ and taken for _______ sec/min

Back 41

over the apex of the heart (left side of the chest slightly below the nipple)

Front 42

prehypertension

Back 42

when the blood pressure is slightly to moderately elevated (120/80 - 139/89)

Front 43

normal range for oral/tympanic temperature

Back 43

37 degrees C; 98.6 degrees F (+/-1 degree F)

Front 44

normal range for rectal temperature

Back 44

37.6 degrees C; 99.6 degrees F (+/-1 degree F)

Front 45

normal range for axillary temperature

Back 45

36.4 degrees C; 97.6 degrees F (+/-1 degree F)

Front 46

how far do you put in a thermometer when doing a rectal temperature?

Back 46

1-1 1/2 in.

Front 47

normal range for pulse

Back 47

60-100 beats/min. strong and regular

Front 48

normal range for respirations

Back 48

12-20 breaths/min. deep and regular

Front 49

normal range for blood pressure

Back 49

systolic: 90-140 mm Hg
diastolic: < 90 mm Hg
average: 120/80

Front 50

In some patients, BP is consecutively measured _______, _______, and _______ in _______ arms.
In normal individuals, the change from lying to standing causes _______.
What should a CNA do?

Back 50

lying, sitting, standing, both; a decrease in systolic BP of less than 15 mm Hg; Record the position and extremity and compare the mesurements for significant differences.

Front 51

when to take vital signs

Back 51

1. On client's admission to a health care facility and during visits to a clinic or doctor's office
2. According to routine established hospital policy or as directed by doctors orders; may be bid or q 8 h
3. Before and after surgical procedures or invasive diagnostic procedures. Monitoring during recovery may be every 5-15 min initially, then every 30 min, every hr, and every 4 hrs as conditions stabilize
4. Before and after administration of medications that affect cardiovascular or respiratory function and before and after temperature regulation
5. When general physical condition changes (e.g. loss of consciousness, increased restlessness, or intensity of pain)
6. Before and after nursing interventions (e.g. ambulating a client who has dsypnea on exertion)
7. Whenever clients report nonspecific symptoms of distress (e.g. "feeling funny or different"; chest pain)

Front 52

melena

Back 52

black tarry stool

Front 53

before performing a BP reading, the pt should be...

Back 53

comfortably seated with the back and arm supported, legs uncrossed, and upper arm at the level of the right atrium

Front 54

Proper cuff size is critical to _______. The bladder length and width of the cuff should be _______ and _______ respectively of the arm circumference.

Back 54

accurate measurement; 80%, 40%

Front 55

A difference in BP between the two arms can be expected in about _______ of patients. The _______ value should be the one used in treatment decisions.

Back 55

20%; higher

Front 56

how long should you wait between each blood pressure change?

Back 56

10 min.