Nur106: Eonc: Chronicity (Eye, Ear)

Front 1

AMSLER GRID

Back 1

Used when suspected macular degeneration. Consists of a geometrical grid of identical squares with a central fixation point. The client stares at the center of the grid and notes any distortions in the squares. Lines may look faded or wavy with macular problems. Clients with age-related macular degenration are often given a grid to take home. They are asked to check their vision regularly to detect any early signs of distortion. The Distortion may indicate the development of a neovascular choroidal membrane.

Front 2

AUDIOMETRY

Back 2

Most important test. Wears earphones and signals when you hear a tone. Performed in a soundproof room.

Front 3

AUDIORTY BRAIN STEM RESPONSE

Back 3

Electrodes are used on the forehead and acoustic stimuli, usually clicking sounds, are made in the ear. Electrophysiological measurements can determine at which decibel level the client hears and if there are problems in the nerve pathway.

Front 4

DIRECT OPTHALMOSCOPY

Back 4

Enables the examiner to bring the cornea, lens, and retina into focus in sequential order. Must keep both eyes open and steady. The examiner looks for intraretinal hemorrhages, lipid deposits, or soft exudates. Microanerurysms, which look like small red dots, may be seen.

Front 5

INDIRECT OPTHALMOSCOPY

Back 5

A light source affixed to a pair of binocular lenses, which are mounted to the examiner's head. The scope is used in conjunction with a 20-diopter lens and allows the examiner to see larger but unmagnified areas of the retina.

Front 6

ISHIHARA POLYCHROMATIC PLATES

Back 6

Color vision testing. Dots of primary colors on cards.

Front 7

PTOSIS

Back 7

Drooping eyelid - too much exposure to the eye.

Front 8

RINNE TEST

Back 8

To tell the difference between condutive and sensorineural hearing loss with a vibrating tuning fork.

Front 9

SLIT-LAMP EXAMINATION

Back 9

Uses a binocular microscope mounted on a table that enables the examiner to view the eye with a magnification of 10-40 times. Cataracts can be evaluated by changing the angle of the light.

Front 10

SNELLEN'S CHART

Back 10

Series of progressively smaller rows of letters and is used to test distance vision. 20/20 = 20 feet means you can see a distance of 200ft.

Front 11

TONOMETRY

Back 11

Evaluates the client's intraocular pressure (IOP) by determining the amount of force necessary to indent or flatten a small anterior area of the eyeball. High readings indicate that the pressure is high; low readings indicate that the pressure is low. The procedure is noninvasisve and is usally painless. Topical anesthetic is instilled in the lower conjunctivial sac before measurement.

Front 12

TYPMPANOGRAM

Back 12

Measures middle ear muscle reflex to sound stimulation and compliance of the tympanic membrane. This is done by changing the pressure in a sealed air canal. Compliance is impaired when the client has a disease of the middle ear.

Front 13

WEBER TEST

Back 13

Test for lateralization of sound. A tuning fork has been tapped by the examiner is placed on the client's forehead. The client is then asked to indicate whether he hears the sound in the middle of the head, in the right or left ear. A person with normal hearing will hear the sound equally in both ears, or he will describe the sound as centered in the middle of the head. **Conductive loss he will be able the the sound in both ears, even the bad ear. If the problem is sensorineural resulting from cochlear or nerve damage, the sound will be ** lateralized to the ear that hears well.

Front 14

WHISPER TEST

Back 14

The examiner covers one ear with the palm of the hand and whipers softly from a distance of one to two feet from the uncovered ear. Client should be able to repeat what was whispered.

Front 15

During an examination of your patient's ear, you notice that his cerumen is dry and gray. The finding would most likely be a normal finding in patients from which ethnic group?
1-African-American 2-Hispanic 3-Irish 4-American Indian

Back 15

4- American Indian

Front 16

A patient diagnosed with Meniere's syndrome should make which type of adjustment in diatary intake?
1-Increase protein 2-reduce fat 3-increase Vit.C intake 4-reduce sodium intake

Back 16

4- reduced sodium intake

Front 17

Common ototoxic drugs (4)

Back 17

Aspirin, quinidine, chemotherapeutic agents, aminoglycosides. Withdrawal of these drugs when hearing impairment occurs often allows for full return of hearing.

Front 18

Removal of dead tissue, restoration of the bones with prostheses is a.............procedure?

Back 18

Tympanoplasty

Front 19

removal of all or portions of the middle ear structures is called a?

Back 19

mastoidectomy

Front 20

Name 4 Refractive disorders

Back 20

Myopia, hyeropia, astigmatism, presbyopia

Front 21

AIDS aquired eye condition is called a..

Back 21

Conjunctival kaposi sarcoma

Front 22

Disease or trauma to visual pathways or cranial nerves II, III, IV, and VI, secondary to stroke. Name some of these diseases and traumas

Back 22

Intracranial aneurysms, brain tumor, trauma, myasthenia gravis, or multiple sclerosis

Front 23

Suggested Nursing Outcome Label for visual

Back 23

*Risk Control: Visual Impairment

Front 24

Suggested Nursing Intervention Classification label for visual

Back 24

*Communication Enhancement: Visual Deficit
*Environmental Management
*Self-Esteem Enhancement

Front 25

Patient hx of CNS disease in the family, should be investigated as possible cause for visual loss. Name at least four of these diseases.

Back 25

Atherosclerosis, diabetes, thyroid disease, or HTN