Nur 112 - Test #2

Front 1

goal directed decision making about health that is the result of an authorized, public decision-making process

those actions, nonactions, directions, and/or guidance r/t health that are decided by government or other authorized entities

Back 1

health policy

Front 2

Role of legislatures in health policy -

Back 2

includes US Congress and state legislatures

establish laws to serve some policy goal

create laws and determine appropriate funding for legislative acts and provide oversight for policies

Front 3

Role of courts and judiciaries in health policy -

Back 3

determine rights in health policy disputes through judicial review

Front 4

Role of the executive branch in health policy -

Back 4

executes and implements laws

responsible for the execution of laws passed by legislatures

Front 5

Role of regulatory agencies in health policy -

Back 5

established by legislatures to implement and enforce laws through a rule-making process

Front 6

Decisions are made by authorized government institutions such as legislatures or courts or by government-authorized entities

The decision-making process is subject to public review and public input

Health policies address a public policy goal

Back 6

Major attributes of health policy

Front 7

Health policies are subject to ongoing review by governing institutions and by the public

Health policy goals change according to changes in political and social values, trends, and attitudes

Back 7

Minor attributes of health policy

Front 8

1. Remove scope-of-practice barriers

2. Expand opportunities for nurses to lead and diffuse collaborative improvement efforts

3. Implement nurse residency programs

4. Increase proportion of nurses with BSN degree to 80% by 2020

5. Double the number of nurses with a doctorate by 2020

6. Ensure the nurses engage in lifelong learning

7. Prepare and enable nurses to lead change and to advance health

8. Build an infrastructure to collect and analyze health care workforce data.

Back 8

Eight Recommendations from The Future of Nursing Report

Front 9

defines something that must be done

defines something that must not be done

Back 9

prescriptive

proscriptive

Front 10

the collection of laws that have a direct impact on the delivery of health care or on the relationships among those in the business of health care or between the providers and recipients of health care

Back 10

health care law

Front 11

provision of COBRA

required that any hospital with an ED and received Medicare funds provide an appropriate screening exam to anyone who presented and stabilize any emergency medical condition

Back 11

Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA)

Front 12

created Medicaid and Medicare

created a trust fund for Medicare and grants to the states for the support of Medicaid programs

Back 12

Social Security Act of 1965

Front 13

change to the Social Security Act of 1965

abolished the traditional fee-for-service payment and instead provided prospective payment based upon a patient's diagnosis

Back 13

Diagnostic Related Group

Front 14

created a standard statute of limitations and limiting damage awards

created the broad health information privacy requirements with which all in the business of health care must contend

Back 14

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)

Front 15

included subsidies for high-risk pools, created health insurance exchanges, eliminated insurance co-pays for preventive care, requires that every American have minimum essential health insurance

Back 15

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010

Front 16

careless act of omission or commission that results in injury to another

Back 16

negligence

Front 17

type of negligence, often referred to as professional negligence

occurs when nursing care falls below a standard of care

Back 17

malpractice

Front 18

criteria that is necessary to establish nursing malpractice

Back 18

- nurse owed a duty to the patient

- the nurse did not carry out that duty

- the patient was injured

- the nurse's failure to carry out the duty caused the injury

Front 19

broad civil rights statute that protects the rights of people with physical or mental disabilities

Back 19

Americans with Disabilities Act

Front 20

forbids health plans from placing lifetime or annual limits on mental health coverage that are less generous than those placed on medical or surgical benefits

Back 20

Mental Health Parity Act

Front 21

include living wills, health care proxies, and durable powers of attorney

Back 21

advance directives

Front 22

requires health care institutions to provide written information to patients concerning their rights under state law to make decisions, including the right to refuse treatment and formulate advance directives

Back 22

the Patient Self-Determination Act of 1991

Front 23

assault, battery, and false imprisonment

Back 23

intentional torts

Front 24

invasion of privacy and defamation of character (slander & libel)

Back 24

quasi-intentional torts

Front 25

negligence and malpractice

Back 25

unintentional torts

Front 26

an organization's system of ensuring appropriate nursing care by identifying potential hazards and eliminating them before harm occurs

Back 26

risk management

Front 27

steps involved in risk management include:

Back 27

identifying possible risks, analyzing them, acting to reduce the risks, and evaluating the steps taken

Front 28

Normal F&E Values -

Sodium

Potassium

Chloride

Calcium

Magnesium

pH

Back 28

Na - 136-145 mEq/L

K - 3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Cl - 98-106 mEq/L

Ca - 8.4-10.5 mg/dL

Mg - 1.5-2.5 mEq/L

pH - 7.35-7.45

Front 29

Healthy Adult Avg Daily Fluid Intake

Output for urine

Back 29

Total Intake - 2200-2700 mL

Urine Output - 1200-1500

Front 30

S/S of Hypernatremia

Back 30

FRIED SALT

fever (low grade), restless, increased fluid retention (increased BP), edema, decreased urine output (dry mouth)

skin flushed, agitation, low-grade fever, thirst

Front 31

S/S of hyponatremia

Back 31

apprehension

N/V

headaches

decreased LOC - confusion, lethargy, muscle weakness, coma

seizures

Front 32

S/S of hypokalemia

Back 32

A SIC WALT (down arrow)

alkalosis, shallow respirations, irritability, confusion (drowsiness), weakness (fatigue), arrhythmias, lethargy, thready pulse, decreased intestinal motility (n/v and ileus)

Front 33

S/S of hyperkalemia

Back 33

EDD BOA MD

ekg changes, dysrhymia (irregular rhythm), diarrhea, BP decreased, oliguria, abdominal cramping, muscle cramps (-> weakness ->paralysis), drowsiness

Front 34

S/S of hypocalcemia

Back 34

CATS

convulsions, arrhythmia, tetany, spasms (and stridor)

Front 35

S/S of hypercalcemia

Back 35

"stones, bones, abdominal moans, and psychic groans"

n/v, constipation, confusion, dysrhythmias, decreased reflexes, lethargy

Front 36

s/s of hypomagnesemia

Back 36

triple Ds + two Ts seizes HIM

deep tendon reflexes (increased), dyspnea, dysrhythmias

+ C&T signs

tachycardia & tetany

seizures

hypertension, insomnia, muscle cramps (twitching)

Front 37

s/s of hypermagnesemia

Back 37

respiratory depression

cardiac arrest

dysrhythmias

flaccid muscle paralysis

warming sensation

flushing

hypotension

bradycardia

decreased deep tendon reflexes

lethargy

Front 38

isotonic fluids

Back 38

stay where i put them

LR, NS, D5W

Front 39

hypertonic fluids

Back 39

enter the vessel

D10W, 3 or 5% NS, D5 1/2 NS, D5NS, D5LR

Front 40

hypotonic fluids

Back 40

go out of the vessel

1/4NS, 1/2NS

Front 41

When should you change continuous IV tubing?

Back 41

no more frequently than q96h

Front 42

When should you change intermittent infusion tubing?

Back 42

q24h

Front 43

When should you change tubing for blood products? for continuous IV lipids?

Back 43

blood products q4h

lipids q24h

Front 44

When should you change transparent dressing? gauze dressing?

Back 44

transparent should be changed with tubing

gauze change q48h

Front 45

disturbances of the amount of fluid in the extracellular compartment...

Back 45

volume imbalances

Front 46

disturbances of the concentration of body fluids

Back 46

osmolality imblances

Front 47

chronic disease with intermittent reversible airflow obstruction and wheezing

Back 47

asthma

Front 48

Two ways that obstruction can occur in regards to asthma...

Back 48

inflammation and airway hyperresonsiveness that leads to bronchocontriction

Front 49

volume of air exhaled from full inhale to full exhale

Back 49

FVC (forced vital capacity)

Front 50

volume of air blow out as hard and fast as possible during the first second of the most forceful exhale after the greatest full inhale

Back 50

forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)

Front 51

fastest airflow rate reached at any time during exhalation

Back 51

peak expiratory flow (PEF)

Front 52

Beta2-agnonists, SABAs, LABAs, cholinergic antagonists, methylxanthines

Back 52

bronchodilators

Front 53

corticosteroids, NSAIDS, leukotriene modifiers, anti-IgE, cromones

Back 53

anti-inflammatory drugs

Front 54

affects only the airways, not the alveoli

Back 54

chronic bronchitis