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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which area of the brain is important for speech articulation?
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Left inferior-posterior FRONTAL lobe (Broca's motor speech area; Brodmann's 44,45)
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Which area of the brain is important for language comprehension?
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Left posterior-superior TEMPORAL lobe
(Wernicke's area; Brodmann's 22) |
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What are the most common causes of aphasia?
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1. Stroke (ischemic; hemorrhagic)
2. Trauma 3. Anoxia |
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List 3 problems that may occur during short-term poststroke recovery
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1. Diaschisis
2. Iscemic penumbra 3. Edema |
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A lesion in which part of the brain may result in neglect?
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Right (inferior) parietal lobe
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What are some signs of hemispatial neglect?
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1. Neglect of left space
2. Anosognosia (denial of hemiplegia) 3. Allesthesia (when touched/addressed on left side, pt will respond on right side) |
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What is the most common cause of neglect?
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Stroke (ischemic, hemorrhagic)
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Is neglect usually permanent?
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No. It is usually transient, with partial or complete recovery
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What is the name of the fasciculus between Broca's and Wernicke's areas?
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Arcuate fasciculus
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What type of aphasias result from areas surrounding the Sylvian fissure (Broca's, Wernickes, etc)
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Peri-sylvian aphasias
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What type of aphasias result from areas other than those surrounding the sylvian fissure?
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Para-sylvian aphasias
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Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with Broca's aphasia
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Fluency --> POOR
Repetition --> POOR Comprehension --> GOOD |
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Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with Wernicke's aphasia
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Fluency --> GOOD
Repetition --> POOR Comprehension --> POOR |
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Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with conduction aphasia
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Fluency --> GOOD
Repetition --> POOR Comprehension --> GOOD |
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Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with global aphasia
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Fluency, repetition, and comprehension are all POOR
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Damage to which area of the brain will cause conduction aphasia?
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Arcuate fasciculus
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Global aphasia is caused by damage to which areas of the brain?
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1. Broca's
2. Arcuate fasciculus 3. Wernicke's |
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Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with transcortical motor aphasia
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Fluency --> POOR
Repetition --> GOOD Comprehension --> GOOD |
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How do the signs of Transcortical motor aphasia differ than those seen in Broca's motor aphasia?
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The signs are similar (poor fluency, good comprehension), except repetition is GOOD in transcortical motor aphasia and POOR in Broca's aphasia
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Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with transcortical sensory aphasia
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Fluency --> good
Repetition --> good Comprehension --> POOR *Similar to Wernicke's, except repetition is good |
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Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with anomic aphasia
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Fluency, repetition, and comprehension are all GOOD
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Describe fluency, repetition, and comprehension associated with mixed transcortical
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Fluency --> POOR
Repetition --> good Comprehension --> POOR |
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Anoxia will usually result in what type of aphasia?
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Global aphasia
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List some predictors if long-term recovery in aphasia
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1. Intact ipsilateral cortical structures that normally connect physiologically and anatomically to injured area
2. Intact subcortical systems that normally connect physiologically and anatomically to injured area 3. Intact contralateral cortical areas that are cytoarchitectonically homologous to injured area 4. Left handedness or left-handed family members |