Nrcm 299 Test 1

Front 1

The vegetation of tundra is dominated by _________

Back 1

Short plants such as sedges, heaths, and willow

Front 2

The dominant biome in mediterranean climates with hot, dry summers and cool moist winters is __________

Back 2

Temperate shrubland

Front 3

Habitability

Back 3

Is the ability of the physical environment to support life

Front 4

The term "ecology" is defined as the study of the___________

Back 4

Relationships between organisms and their environment

Front 5

In a temperate deciduous forest, the concentration and diversity of animal life is greatest in the ________

Back 5

Ground layer

Front 6

Which of the following is considered a biotic component of the ecosystem

Back 6

microbes

Front 7

A biotic community and its abiotic environment is referred to as an __________

Back 7

ecosystem

Front 8

A hypothesis refers to a ________

Back 8

Testable explanation for an observed phenomenon

Front 9

During winter in the Southern Hemisphere, the intertropical convergence zone _________

Back 9

Is shifted into the nothern latitudes

Front 10

A classification of plant formations and associated animal life into biotic units based on the predominant plant types, with at least eight major terrestrial types, is referred to as a ___________

Back 10

Biome

Front 11

The biosphere is ___________

Back 11

The lin layer surrounding the Earth that supports all life

Front 12

Which of the following is the correct ecological hierarchy (from smallest unit to largest unit) of a daisy?

Back 12

Individual organism, population, community, landscape

Front 13

Which of the following is an incorrect match?

Back 13

Subpolar low: right-deflected, southward-flowing stream of air

Front 14

Seasonal variation in temperature and daylength is due to ___________

Back 14

Tilt of the Earth's axis

Front 15

True of False

The largest and most continuous region of tropical rain forest in the world is in South America

Back 15

True

Front 16

True or False

In temperate deciduous forests the greatest concentration and diversity of life occurs in the upper canopy

Back 16

False

Front 17

True or False

In the tropical latitudes, the length of the dry season increases with distance from the equator

Back 17

True

Front 18

True or False

Temperate shrublands are the dominant biomes in regions with a mediterranean climate

Back 18

True

Front 19

True or False

A population refers to all the individuals of the same species that occupy a given area

Back 19

True

Front 20

True or False

The complicated circulation of air in Earth's atmosphere is due to both the Earth's rotaion and irregular land masses in Earth's surface

Back 20

True

Front 21

True or False

Biogeography is the study of the distribution and abundance of organisms

Back 21

False

Front 22

True or False

Surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean are cooler during El Nino conditions that during La Nina conditions

Back 22

False

Front 23

True or False

The independent evolution of a similar characteristic in two different species not derived from a recent, common ancestor is reffered to as convergent evolution

Back 23

True

Front 24

True or False

The intertropical convergence zone tends to mirgate toward regions of the globe with the warmest surface temperatures

Back 24

True

Front 25

True or False

Tundra occurs only at high latitudes in polar regions

Back 25

False

Front 26

True or False

Rainfall in the Southern Hemisphere is greate than rainfall in the Northen Hemisphere because the oceans cover a greater proportion of the Southern Hemisphere

Back 26

True

Front 27

True or False

The dry forests of tropical regions are reffered toas tropical savannas

Back 27

False

Front 28

True or False

Topographic features, such as mountains and valleys, influence the climate of a region

Back 28

True

Front 29

The ________ are formed by the air that reaches Earth's poles, slowly sinks to the surfac, and flows southward is deflected by the Coriolis effect

Back 29

Polar easterlies

Front 30

A _________ is a classification of plant formations and associated animal life into biotic untis based on the predominant plant types, with at least eight major terrestrial types

Back 30

Biome

Front 31

The _________ effect can rise temperature from 6 degrees C to 8 degrees C above those in the surrounding countryside

Back 31

Urban Heat Zone

Front 32

Frozen, treeles plains dominated by sedgs, heaths, and willows at high latitudes and elevation are reffered to as _________

Back 32

Tundra

Front 33

The ______ forms the basic unit in ecology

Back 33

Individual

Front 34

The _______ is the temperature at which atmospheric water condenses

Back 34

Dew point

Front 35

The highest level of organization of ecological systems is the _______

Back 35

biosphere

Front 36

A ______ climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, moist winters

Back 36

Meditteranean

Front 37

The deflection of air masses to the right in the Northern Hemishpere and to the left in he Southern Hemisphere is called the _______

Back 37

Coriolis effect

Front 38

_________ is the scientific study of the relationship between organisms and thier environment

Back 38

Ecology

Front 39

All populations of different species living and interacting within an ecosystem are referred to as a _________

Back 39

community

Front 40

Radiation at higher latitudes is spread out over a large area because of the angle if incidence and the _________

Back 40

Distance

Front 41

At the _______ level, communities and ecosystems are linked through processes such as dispersal of organisms

Back 41

Landscape

Front 42

Leaves that live for more than a year are classified as ______

Back 42

Evergreen

Front 43

Explain the difference betwee weather, climate,and microclimate. Which is most important for individual organisms? Give example

Back 43

-Weather is the combination of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, cloudiness, and other atmospheric conditions occurring at a specific place and time
-Climate is the long-term average pattern of weather
-Microclimates define the conditions (e.g., light, heat) organisms live in
-Microclimate is most important for individual organisms
-An example is insects living under a rock

Front 44

Why do the amount of rainfall and the compostion of vegetation differ greatly on the opposite sides of a mountain range?

Back 44

-Because of the rain shaddow effect.
--Mountains force air upward, causing it to cool and lose its moisture as precipitation on the windward side of a mountain range.
-As the dry air descends the leeward side, it creates very arid conditions, called rain shadow

Front 45

Describe 4 types of leaf forms and the characteristics of the environemnt in which each leaf type typicall occurs

Back 45

-Winter-deciduous: temperate forests
-Drought-deciduous: seasonal tropical forests
-Broadleaf evergreen: tropical and subtropical rain forest
-Needle-leaf evergreen: characteristic of environments with a very short growing season

Front 46

Explain why ecology is inherently an interdisciplinary science. Give two examples of the ties between ecology and other branches of science

Back 46

Ecology is inherently an interdisciplinary science because it deals with and relates with other sciences. Two examples of the tied between ecology and other branches of science are chemistry and Biology.