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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is key when running a culture
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it takes time and the organism needs to actually grow
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What does IgA show
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Shows mucosal response and is a good marker of successful tx and can be measured in serum, stool and saliva
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What conditions can an RF be high in, other than RA
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CVD, MI, renal disease, malignancy, thyroid and liver disease, SLE, scleroderma and polyarteritis nodosa
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What condition can present similar to RA however will have a neg RF in a woman postpartum
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Parvo B 19 virus
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What autoantibody is seen in Graves dz only
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Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulin (Thyrtrophin Receptor Ab)
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What test should be run in a pt who has recovered in the past 1-3 weeks from a sore throat w/o antibiotic tx and now has joint pain, kidney problems or heart problems
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Anti-Streptolysin-O test (ASO) (>200iu/ml)
Elevation in titers reflect immunologic response to streptococcus; ASO titers clinically useful if serum is obtained in 2-3 week intervals |
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What is the key aspect to remember of Nystatin
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It is always a topical application b/c it doesn't absorb
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If it ends in conozole what type of drug is it and how do they work
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antifungal - inhibits fungal p-450, degrade fungal wall
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What is a concern in using permethrins in children
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It is an anti-parasitic drug and is a neurotoxin and therefore can cause neurotoxic effects in a child
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What is the main substance that is CI with metronidazole and what is the main side effect when used together
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ETOH - acts like antabuse, you will puke a lot!!! Very hepatotoxic when done together.
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What are red flags with metronidazole when it is causing liver failure
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dark pee, light poop
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What do some bugs produce that makes them penicillin resistant and how can we avoid this
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they produce Beta lactamase and we can use clavulanate to counteract this.
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If pt has a drug allergy to penicillin what drug should they also avoid
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cephalosporins - they are both betalactones!!!
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Azithromycin has what adverse side effects and is CI in what condition
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Need less med to achieve same effect as ezithromycin anaphylaxis
Pregnancy |
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Doxycycline is CI in what age group
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Children under 9 - causes permanent discoloration of the teeth
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What type of infection is Doxycycline most commonly used for
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Lung and respiratory infections
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What is the most common adverse side effect of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim
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rash and other skin rxns. SJS/TEN - need to be most careful of
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When is nitrofurantoin CI, what type of infection is it used for
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3rd trimester of pregnancy
UTIs |
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What is the black-box warning for ciprofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone)
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tendon rupture, esp achilles tendon, it is also CI in children under 18 as it can arrest growth plate
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What is a indicator that ciprofloxin should be d/c
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any joint or mm pain
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What is the severe side effect of aminoglycosides
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ototoxicity esp in children
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what class antibiotic is clinodamycin
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lincosamides
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What is a concern with all TB drugs
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all are hepatotxic
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What vitamin def does rifampin cause
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B6 - can lead to micrositic anemia
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What is acyclovir used for and what are the adverse side effects
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antiviral - tx herpes and varicella-zoster
Not common to have side effects, if do they are nausea and rash |
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How does acyclovir work
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inhibits DNA synthesis and act to kill new virus - not what is already around, this is taken care of by your own body
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What is valacyclovir
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it is a prodrug of acyclovir - it requires a lower dose b/c it is metabolized into acyclovir in the body.
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What are drugs that end in sone or mide
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Steroids
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What type of drug is isotretinoin and what is it used for, what is the main CI
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it is an anti-inflammatory oral drug used for severe nodular acne. It is CI in pregnancy - b/c it is teratogenic
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What medication is used to chealate heavy metals, especially Cu
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Penicillamine
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What is interferon a used for
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HEP B & C
High dose Flu like symptoms Hypothyroidism |
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What is interferon b used for
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MS
Low dose Fewer side effects |
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What infection smells like rotting apples
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Clostridium - gangrene
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What is the organism that causes Toxic Shock
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Strep Pyogenes
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What is an organism that is transmitted by dog and cat bites can lead to osteo
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Pasteurella multocida
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What fungus causes necrotising gardnarella associated with gardening.
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Sporothrix schenckii
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What organism associated with wild animals (bites)
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Francicella
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Why are women at higher risk then man at developing autoimmune condition
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E has an inhibitory role in clearing immune complexes
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SIcca syndrome
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looks like sjogrn's w/o arthritis or any other connective tissue disorder
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CREST stands for what and is a form of what condition
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Calcinosis
Reynaudes Esophogeal Sclerodacty Telantagia Scleraderma |
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Most common cause of meningitis in HIV
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CMV
Cryptococcys |
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What tests are done to dx HIV
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ELISA then Western Blot
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What is zidovudine and what does it tx
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it is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that is used to tx HIV infection
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What is the most common immune deficiency condition that is associated with trisomy 18
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IgA Deficiency
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what system is most effected by polyarertis nodosa
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GI system
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High IgG, Low IgM or IgA
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Probable past infection / exposure. Inactive or cured.
In food allergy testing IgG is always considered active, but delayed response allergy. |
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Low IgG, High IgM
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New infection / Exposure
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High IgG, High IgM
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Reactivated infection / Exposure
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High IgG, Low IgM, High IgA
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Current immune response (mucosal) that is past the initial IgM response window. (On going problem).
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EBV Panel
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Early phase – IgM: anti-VCA
Acute illness – IgG: anti-VCA Acute illness – IgG anti-EA Convalescence – Anti-EBNA (Indicates past infection OR Chronic reactivation in recurrent EBV patients). |
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Fluconazole
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oral antifungal - caution hepatotoxicity
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What drug is used for scabies tx
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permethrins
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What is used for ringworm and round worm tx
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mebendazole
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what is not to be used with the anti ameboid drug metronidazole
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EtOH!!!
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What antibiotic is used to tx URI, GI, skin and soft tissue infections and shouldn't be used with penicilin allergies
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cephalexin
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Antibiotic for Bronchitis and non-gonococcal urethritis
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Azithromiocin
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What antibiotic should not be used in children <9 y/o b/c it will discolor their teeth
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tetracycling and doxycylcine
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What is the concerning potential side effects with Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
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SJS/TEN
seizures hepato necrosis |
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When is Nitrofurantoin CI and what is it used for
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Pregnancy
UTI |
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What are the concerning side effects and therefore CI with Ciprofloxacin and all other floxins
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Achilles' Tendon Rupture
Can arrest growth plate in children Do not use under age 18 (usually used for UTI, URI) |
