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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What supplies the first part of the duodenum?
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Arteries that arise from branches of the celiac trunk
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What is the function of the epiploic foramen of Winslow
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-fluid flow between hepatorenal pouch and lesser sac
-lesser sac and peritoneal cavity |
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What is the lesser bursa (omental sac)?
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The lesser bursa/omental sac is behind the lesser omentum and the stomach
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What is the greater bursa?
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Everything else besides the lesser bursa from beneath the diaphragm to below the pelvic cavity
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What are the three large unpaired arteries arising from the abdominal aorta? (look in dissector to see the other ways they grouped the arteries)
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The groups are:
large paired large unpaired what else |
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How many neurons are in a circuit of the autonomic ns?
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1st neuron - preganglionic begins in CNS
2nd neuron - postganglionic begins in PNS in a ganglion |
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What is important to know about white rami and grey rami in terms of myelination?
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White are more heavily myelinated whereas gray are unmyelinated/lightly myelinated
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What is important to know about white/grey rami in terms of position?
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White rami are more laterally positioned, grey rami are more medially positioned
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What is the path of preganglionic cells (beg to sympathetic chain ganglion)?
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1) Start out with their cell bodies in the interomediolateral cell column of T1-L2
2) leave through the ventral root 3) leave the spinal nerve through the white communicating rami 4) from white communicating rami go to sympathetic chain ganglion |
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What is the role of the white communicating rami?
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They get preganglionics from the spinal nerve to the sympathetic ganglion
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What is the role of the grey communicating rami?
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They get the postganglionics from the sympathetic chain ganglia to the spinal nerve
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What is the difference between white and grey communicating rami in terms of position?
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White rami are more lateral, gray rami are more medial
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Where can you find white rami?
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T1-L2/L3
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Where can you find grey rami?
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at every spinal level
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Where are post ganglionic cell bodies located?
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Sympathetic chain ganglia
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Which spinal nerve levels have gray rami only?
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C1-C8
L3-L5 S1-S5 |
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Which system provides splanchnic nerves? What is the exception?
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Splanchnic nerves are sympathetic in all cases except for pelvic splanchnic nerves
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What is the lymphatic drainage system of the lower limb?
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Superficial inguinal-->deep inguinal --> external iliac nodes (deep inguinal drains into external iliac) or (starting from internal iliac nodes)--> common iliac nodes --> lumbar nodes --> Cisterna chyli --> thoracic duct
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What are the lymph drainages analogous to? (How can you tell where the lymph will drain?)
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It seems like they are named after the arteries that supply them
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How would prostate lymph drain?
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External/internal iliac --> common iliac --> lumbar --> cisterna chyli --> thoracic duct
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Where are the ovaries located in terms of the broad ligament?
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In the mesovarium which is a part of the broad ligament. It is located on the posterior-superior surface of the broad ligament
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What is the mesosalpinx?
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The portion of the broad ligament enveloping the uterine tube
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What is derived from the gubernaculumm connecting the ovary to uterus?
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Ligament of the ovary
round ligament |
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What holds vessels going from the uterus to the ovary?
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Ligament of the ovary
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What is the continuation of the gubernaculum to the labia majora?
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round ligament of the uterus
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Is the uterine/fallopian tube the same thing?
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No. The fallopian tube is different from the ligament of the ovary but the fallopian tube meets up to connect with the ovary
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What is more superior the fallopian tube or the ligament of the ovary?
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fallopian tube
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Is the processus vaginalis resorbed between the superficial and deep inguinal ring and the testes?
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Yes.
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The structures of the abdominal wall below relate to what structures in the scrotum and spermatic cord:
skin and subcutaneous connective tissue |
Scrotal skin and dartos tunic
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The structures of the abdominal wall below relate to what structures in the scrotum and spermatic cord:
External abdominal oblique |
External spermatic fascia
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The structures of the abdominal wall below relate to what structures in the scrotum and spermatic cord:
Internal abdominal oblique |
middle spermatic fascia and cremaster muscle
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The structures of the abdominal wall below relate to what structures in the scrotum and spermatic cord:
transversus abdominus muscle |
does not contribute a layer in the spermatic cord
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The structures of the abdominal wall below relate to what structures in the scrotum and spermatic cord:
Transversalis fascia |
internal spermatic fascia
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The structures of the abdominal wall below relate to what structures in the scrotum and spermatic cord:
Peritoneum |
Tunica vaginalis both parietal anv visceral
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What two layers of scrotum lie distal to the site of a vasectomy/would not need to be incised?
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Tunica vaginalis- parietal and visceral because these are both layers of the testes
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The inferior epigastric vessels run in which inguinal ring?
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The superficial inguinal ring
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What forms the superficial inguinal ring?
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External abdominal oblique aponeurosis
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What are the upper, lower lateral, upper medial borders of the superficial inguinal ring?
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upper - external abdominal oblique
lower lateral - lateral crus of the superficial inguinal ring upper medial - medial crus of the superficial inguinal ring |
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What is the relationship of the deep inguinal ring to the inferior epigastric?
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Deep inguinal ring is lateral to inferior epigastric
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What passes through the deep inguinal ring?
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The spermatic cord
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Inferior epigastric is a branch of what artery?
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Exterior iliac
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What are the borders of the inguinal triangle (Hasselbach's triangle)? Medial
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Lateral border of rectus abdominus
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What are the borders of the inguinal triangle (Hasselbach's triangle)? Lateral
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The inferior epigastric vessels/lateral umbilical fold
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What is in the lateral umbilical fold
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Inferior epigastric vessels
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What is another name for the Inguinal Triangle/Hasselbach's triangle
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Medial umbical fossa (between median umbilical fold and lateral umbilical fold
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What is the relationship between the epigastric vessels/lateral umbilical fold and direct versus indirect hernias
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The direct inguinal hernia passes medial to the lateral umbilical fold/inferior epigastric vessels and in the inguinal triangle whereas the indirect hernias pass lateral to the lateral umbilical fold/epigastrics
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Where do indirect inguinal hernias pass?
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In the lateral umbilical fossa and then through the deep inguinal ring
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Where do direct inguinal hernias pass?
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In the medial umbilical fossa and then through the superficial inguinal ring
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What is the order of the posterior abdominal wall folds and fossa starting at the middle and going lateral
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Median umbilical fold
Supravesiclular fossa Medial umbilical fold Medial umbilical fossa Lateral umbilical fold/inferior epigastrics Lateral umbilical fossa |
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What used to be in the median umbilical fold?
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Urachus/allantonic duct
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What used to be in the medial umbilical folds
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Obliterated umbilical arteries
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What is a criteria for the path of an indirect inguinal hernia?
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1)It has to pass through the inguinal canal
2) it has to pass through the lateral umbilical fossa/lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels |
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Which structures pass through the superficial inguinal ring?
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Ilioinguinal
Genital branch of genitofemoral Round ligament of the uterus Cremaster muscle in males |
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Which structures in the region DO NOT pass through the superficial inguinal ring
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Femoral branch of genitofermoral nerve
Iliohypogastric Spermatic cord |
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Please match the nerve from its root in the lumbar plexus? Subcostal
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T12
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Please match the nerve from its root in the lumbar plexus? Iliohypogastric
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T12+ L1
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Please match the nerve from its root in the lumbar plexus? Ilioinguinal
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L1
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Please match the nerve from its root in the lumbar plexus? Lateral femoral cutaneous
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L2+ L3
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Please match the nerve from its root in the lumbar plexus? Genitofemoral
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L1 + L2
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Please match the nerve from its root in the lumbar plexus? Femoral
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L2, L3, L4
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Please match the nerve from its root in the lumbar plexus? Obturator
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L2, L3, L4
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What makes up the broad ligament?
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Perineum that covers the posterior and some of the anterior uterus, fallopian tubes to the lateral abdomen wall
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Where would we find the cardinal ligament?
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at the base of the broad ligament, connecting the lateral pelvic wall to the cervical area of the uterus
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What passes through the cardinal ligament
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The ureter
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Where is the arcuate line?
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Halfway between the umbilicus and pubic symphisis
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What are the layers above and below the rectus abdominus above the arcuate line?
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External abdominal oblique fasica
1/2 of internal abdominal oblique fasica (anterior layer) Rectus abdominis 1/2 of internal oblique fascia (posterior) transversus abdominis fascia trasversalis fascia Extraperitoneal fat Pareital peritoneum |
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What are the layers above and below the rectus abdominus below the arcuate line?
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External abdominal oblique fascia
anterior and posterior layers of internal abdominal oblique fascia transversus abdominus fascia rectus abdominis transversalis fascia Extraperitoneal fat Perital peritoneum |
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What is the anterior, posterior,superior and inferior borders of the epiplic formen?
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Anterior - portal vein in free edge of lesser omentum
Posteriorly - Inferior vena cava Inferiorly - 1st part of duodenum superiorly - caudate lobe of the liver |
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When you stick your hand through the epiploic foramen/foramen of winslow what can you palpate?
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The posterior surface of the stomach ie on the side of the lesser curvature where the lesser omentum attaches
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Where does the small intestine become intraperitoneal?
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Dudeonojejunal junction
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