Non-Neoplastic Wbc Disorders

Front 1

Neutropenia

Back 1

-Decrease in ABSOLUTE neutrophil count

Front 2

Normal Neutrophil count

Back 2

2500-8000/μL

Front 3

Causes of neutropenia

Back 3

Decreased BM myeloid production
Increased peripheral utilization

Front 4

Complications of neutropenia

Back 4

Acute infections
-Bacterial
-Fungal

Front 5

Causes of decreased BM myeloid production in neutropenia

Back 5

-Drugs (chemotherapy), Aplastic anemia, Infiltrative BM processe, megaloblastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, radiation
-Congenital agranulocytic syndromes (kostmann syndrome)

Front 6

Causes of increased neutrophil utilization in neutropenia

Back 6

Overwhelming bacterial/fungal infections
immuno problems (drug, autoimmune)
Splenic Sequestration

Front 7

Lymphopenia

Back 7

Decreased lymphocyte count

Front 8

Normal Lymph count

Back 8

1000-4000
Up to 8000 in children

Front 9

Causes of Lymphopenia

Back 9

-Congenital immunodeficiency syndromes (SCID)
-Viral infections (HIV)
-Drugs (steroids, chemo)
-Autoimmune syndromes
-Malnutrition (rare here)
-Acute infections (COMMON)

Front 10

Leukocytosis

Back 10

Increased WBC count-11,000
Can be reactive or neoplastic

Can be due to increase in any one of the white blood cells

Front 11

Neutrophilia

Back 11

Absolute neutrophil count >8000

Front 12

Most common cause of neutrophilia

Back 12

-Acute Bacterial Infection (reactive changes)
-Physilogical stress

Front 13

Reactive changes seen in neutrophilia

Back 13

-Toxic granulation
-Vacuolization
-Dohle bodies

Front 14

Leukemoid reaction

Back 14

Extreme neutrophilia with immature granulocyte precursors
(left shift) simulationg leukemia

Front 15

Dohle Bodies look like

Back 15

light blue spots in the cytoplasm

Front 16

Leukoerythroblastosis

Back 16

Immature granulocytes (metamyelocytes or less mature) and nucleated RBC precursors in peripheral blood

Front 17

Causes of leukoerythroblastosis

Back 17

Severe acute infection or bleeding

Infiltrative BM processes

Myeloproliferative syndromes (CML)

Extramedullary hematopoeisis

Front 18

Lymphocytosis

Back 18

Absolute lymphocyte count >4000 adults, 8000 children

Front 19

Causes of lymphocytosis

Back 19

-chronic inflammations
-viral infections
-lymphoid neoplasms, especially CLL

Front 20

Transformed Lymphocytes

Back 20

Nonspecific reaction to antigenic stimulation, often seen in viral infections and lymphocytosis

Front 21

Monocytosis

Back 21

>1000 absolute monocyte count

Front 22

Causes of monocytosis

Back 22

-Chronic infection or inflammation
-Recover from neutropenia
-Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative overlap syndromes

Front 23

Eosinophilia

Back 23

-Absolute eiosinophil count >500

Front 24

Causes of eiosinophilia

Back 24

Allergic disorders
Drug effects
Parasitic infections
skin diseases
myeloproliferative syndromes
neoplasm

Front 25

Basophilia

Back 25

Absolute basophil count >250
Rare, most often indicates myeloproliferative syndrome (CML)

Front 26

Pelger-Huet anomaly

Back 26

Autosomal dominant, asymptomatic, hypolobated pince-nez (pinched nose) forms

can also be acquired in myelodysplastic syndromes

Front 27

May-Hegglin anomaly

Back 27

Congenital leukopenia with increased dohle bodies, thrombocytopenia with giant platelets

Front 28

Alder-Reilly Syndrome

Back 28

Congenital hypergranulation of ALL wbc's, associated with mucopolysaccharidoses

Front 29

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

Back 29

Congenital giant granulation of all WBC's, associated with albinishm, peripheral neuropathy, neutropenia with frequent infections, bleeding d/t platelet disfunction