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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name 3 types of ecosanoids?
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prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes
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What is their main function?
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inflammation
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Name 2 other functions these perform?
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increase water and sodium excretion and regulate smooth muscle
contraction |
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Name 2 enzymes which participate in the conversion of arachidonic acid?
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cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase
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Name 2 end products of arachidonic acid via cyclooxygenase pathway?
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thromboxane A2, prostaglandin E2, Fe and D2 and prostacyclin PGI2
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Name 3 arachadonic acid inhibitors?
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Vitamin E, EPA, DHA, ginger
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Name 2 prostaglandin series 2 inhibitors?
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bromelain, CLA conjugated linoleic acid, DGLA dihomo gamma-linoleic
acid |
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Name 2 detrimental effects of excessive thromboxane A2?
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atherosclerosis, hypertension, thrombosis and increased platelet
aggregation . |
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List 3 substances which inhibit thromboxane A2?
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EPA, ginger, aspirin, green tea, turmeric, garlic and onion
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Fish oils are said to be effective in both acute and chronic inflammation, explain
the mechanism of action they use to achieve this? |
fish oils EPA/DHA go into the cell membrane, increase anti-inflammatory
markers such as PGE1 and PGE3 and down regulates inflammatory markers such a s prostacyclins, PGE2 and thromboxanes |
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What is the name of the flavor enhancer used in Chinese restaurants?
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MSG
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Glycoalkaloids is a natural food toxin found in which food?
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potatoes
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Aflatoxin B-1 is a mould which can be found in which food?
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peanuts
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Salmonella bacteria can be found in which foods?
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eggs, chicken and milk
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Name 3 foods naturally high in nitrates?
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potatoes, celery, bananas, lettuce, cabbage, strawberries, spinach
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How can this substance cause problems in the body?
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they can oxidize iron in haemoglobin which reduces its oxygen capacity
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The main virus which can be found in contaminated water and causes fever,
weakness and jaundice is |
hepatitis A
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Which protozoa can be passed onto humans from infected cats feaces from them
eating raw meats? |
toxoplasmosis
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Which is the most common bleaching agent added to foods such as flours?
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chlorine dioxide
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List four things to aid in the prevention of food contamination?
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Hygiene – clean and wash hands and surfaces often
Separate – don’t cross contaminate Cook at proper temperatures Chill food properly |
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List 4 general symptoms of food poisoning?
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loss of appetite, stomach pains, diarrhea, gastroenteritis, fever, nausea,
vomiting |
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Name 3 foods which may prevent food poisoning?
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green tea, licorice, cumin seeds, garlic, onions, lipoic acid, grapefruit
extract |
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List 5 dietary suggestions to aid additive and toxin clearance from the body?
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drink at least2-3L of water per day
eat lots of fresh fruits and vegetables drink fresh vegetable juices avoid alcohol and caffeine stop smoking eat whole foods as much as possible drink whey protein to aid amino acid intake decrease meat/ animal protein eat good fats avoid any food allergies or intolerances consume garlic, ginger and turmeric to aid detoxification |
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List 2 pathology tests which could give an indication of inflammation?
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ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate
CRP C-reactive protein |
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Which blood test can indicate coeliac’s disease?
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serum IgE/IgA antigliadin antibodies
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Which tests can indicate liver damage?
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AST, ALT and urea
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A low urea concentration in a blood test indicates?
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dietary protein deprivation
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What can high levels of white blood cells indicate?
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infection
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What can elevated levels of serum IgE indicate?
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possible allergy or parasitic infection
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A low MCV mean cell volume is caused by?
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microcytosis or small red blood cells in iron deficiency
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A high MCV is caused by?
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macrocytosis or large red blood cells in folate and B12 deficiency
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What is the optimal range for a urea creatinine ratio?
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70-90
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What does anything over or under this range indicate?
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protein deprivation
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