Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
5 Classes of Adrenergic Blocking Agents
|
Non-selective
Non-selective Alpha Alpha1-selective Non-selective Beta Beta1 Selective |
|
|
3 Non-selective Adrenergic Blocking Agents
|
labetalol - IV, PO, for hypertension also pheochromocytoma, no tachycardia
amiodarone - IV, PO, emergencies, antiarrhymic carvedilol - PO, hypertension, HF, L ventricular dysfunction |
|
|
Non-selective Adrenergic Blocking Agents: Therapeutic action
|
Competitively block the effects of norepinephrine at alpha and beta receptors throughout the SNS.
|
|
|
Adrenergic Blocking Agents: General Info
|
Also called: sympatholytic drugs
Lyse or block the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. |
|
|
1 Non-selective Alpha Adrenergic Blocking Agents:
|
Have specific affinity for alpha receptor sites.
Limited use. phentolamine - blocks postsynaptic alpha1 adrenergic receptor, vasodilation; blocks presynaptic alpha2 receptor preventing feedback control = tachycardia from low BP. |
|
|
Alpha1-selective Adrenergic Blocking Agents: Therapeutic action
|
Have a specific affinity for alpha1-receptors
Block postsynaptic alpha1 receptors = vasodilation = fall in BP. No tachycardia. Block smooth muscle receptor in prostate, prostatic capsule, prostatic urethra, urinary bladder neck. Treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BHP) |
|
|
3 Alpha1-selective Adrenergic Blocking Agents: Therapeutic action
|
doxazosin - PO, tx hypertension & BHP
prazosin - PO, tx hypertension; also used in combination terazosin - PO, tx hypertension & BHP |
|
|
Non-selective Beta Adrenergic Blocking Agents: Therapeutic action
|
Competitive blocking of the beta-adrenergic receptors of the SNS. (heart & juxtaglomerular of nephron).
Decreased HR, contractility and excitability and membrane stabilizing effect. Decreased arrhythmias, cardiac workload and O2 consumption. |
|
|
2 Non-selective Beta Adrenergic Blocking Agents
|
propranolol - effective in blocking all of the beta-recptors in the SNS. Tx hypertension, angina, prevention of re-infarction after MI
timolol - Tc hypertension, prevention of re-infarction after MI, prophylaxis for migraine, reduced intraocular pressure |
|
|
Beta1-selective Adrenergic Blocking Agents: Therapeutic action
|
Do not block beta2 receptors.
Do not block bronchodilation (important for pt with lung disease) Selectivity is lost with high doses. Decreased HR, contractility and excitability and membrane stabilizing effect. Decreased arrhythmias, cardiac workload and O2 consumption. |
|
|
2 Beta1-selective Adrenergic Blocking Agents
|
atenolol - IV, PO - Tx hypertension & premature ventricular contractions
metoprolol - IV, PO - Tx hypertension, prevention of re-infarction after MI, MI treatment, HF (extended release) |
|
|
Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic action
|
Act at same site as neurotransmitter acetylocholine (ACh) and increase activity of ACh receptors throughout body.
AKA parasympathomimetic Act directly on sites and indirectly by preventing acetylcholinesteraze enzyme from breaking down ACh |
|
|
2 Direct Acting Cholinergic Agonists
|
bethanechol - PO; tx non-obstructive urinary retention post-op, neurogenic bladder atony, reflux esophagitis
pilocarpine - PO - Relieve intraocular pressure, allows certain surgical procedures, Tx dry mouth with Sjogren syndrome |
|
|
2 Indirect Acting Cholinergic Agonists
|
pyridostigmine - PO, IV- management of myasthenia gravis (muscular disease via defective neuromuscular transmission)
donepezil - PO - management of Alzheimer dementia (neural degeneration in cortex; loss of memory & ability to do ADLs |
|
|
Anti-cholinergic Agents: Therapeutic action
|
Block the effects of acetylcholine; blocks the effects of parasympathetic nervous system = parasympatholytic
|
|
|
6 Anti-cholinergic Agents
|
atropine - IM, SQ, IV, Topical - derived from Belladonna; depress salivation & bronchial secretion & dilate bronchi
dicyclomine - PO- tx irritable or hyperactive bowel glycopyrrolate - PO, IV- decrease secretions before anethesia or intubation hyoscyamine - PO, IV, IM - poptic ulcer, overactive GI ipratropium - Inhaled - tx bronchospasm with COPD scopolamine - SQ, IM, PO - decrease N/V with motion sickness, decrease GI secretions |
