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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who is Alexander the Great?
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Conqueror of the known world from 356-323 bc. Combined cultures from greece to india which was called the Hellenistic period.
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What is Hellenism and Hellenization?
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The influence, adoption, and diffusion of Greek culture throughout the Mediterranean
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Comparisons between Socrates and Jesus.
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Both followed a divine calling, advocated spiritual values, and both died for speaking out against societies way of thinking
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Who is Plato?
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Taught that the material world is a flawed reflection of the perfect spiritual realm; where our soul comes from and goes back to for judgement
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What is Stoicism?
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Philosophy that emphasized duty, endurance, self-control, and service to the gods, family and the state.
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What is Epicureanism?
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A belief that everything is completely physical/material, including your soul, which dissolves to nothing once you're dead.
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What is Cynicism?
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Teaching that virtue is the greatest goal in life. Strict self-discipline. Opposition to social customs.
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How many gods in Greek pantheon?
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12
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Who is Zeus?
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King of the Olympian Gods, known to the Romans as Jupiter,
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Explain the 3 story universe.
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Top story Heaven and the vault of Heaven home of the immortal Gods
Middle Story: Earth, where society lived Bottom Story: Where hades dwelled and the dead were, below that was Tartarus; this is where defeated gods and notorious sinners went |
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Who is Dionysus?
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Son of Zeus, Greek god of wine, only greek god to die and go to the Underworld
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Who is Asclepius?
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Son of Apollo. Greek god of health, 1st physician, founder of medicine
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Who is Mithras?
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Persian savior god killed a celestial bull and was praised all throughout Roman Empire, Rival towards Christianity
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Explain Mystery religions.
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Religions that not everyone could be part of, had to be initiated into them and keep their secrets.
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Who is Caesar?
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A hereditary name of the Roman emperors commemorated by Julius Caesar, great uncle to Augustus, Romes 1st emperor
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Who is Augustus Caesar?
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1st emperor of Rome, gave them peace after centuries of Civil War.
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Describe the Roman Empire.
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International, multicultural government centered in Rome and went from France and S. Germany to Egypt. Ruled the Jews from 63-135 CE.
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Who are the Ptolemys?
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Ptolemy I: Ruler of Egypt after Alexanders death and his family controlled Egypt till the Romans took over.
Ptolemy II: Authorized the translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek |
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Who are the Seleucids?
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Controlled Palestine from 198-165 BC. until the Maccabeans drove them out in 142 BC.
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Who is Antiochus IV Epiphanes?
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Persecuted Jews which led to the Maccabean revolt.
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What does the word Gospel mean?
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Good news
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What is a gospel?
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Literary form of Christian narratives about Jesus
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What are the 3 synoptic gospels?
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Matthew Mark and Luke
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What does synoptic mean?
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They share a large quantity of material in common
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What is the synoptic problem?
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A scholarly attempt to discover the literary relationship between the 3 synoptic gospels
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Explain the 2-document theory.
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That matthew and luke took from Q-source and Mark
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What is Redaction Criticism?
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Method of analyzing texts to find the purpose and literary procedures
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What is a parable?
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short fictional narrative that compares some similar to something unexpected
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What is the Q source?
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A hypothetical document that has Jesus' sayings in it. Matthew and Luke use this source, Mark does not.
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Explain Hasidic Jews.
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Jews that would not forsake their religion during the persecution by Antiochus IV.
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Who is Eleazar?
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A 90 year old man who was bludgeoned to death for spitting pigs flesh out that he was forced to eat
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Who is Mattathias?
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A priest who led a revolt against Antiochus IV.
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Who is Judas Maccabeus?
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Son of Mattathias who was apart of the revolt against Antiochus IV.
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What is the Feast of Dedication/Hanukkah?
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A Jewish celebration started by Judas Maccabeus to remember the cleansing and rededication of the Temple.
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Who is John Hyrcanus?
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Was made high priest over the jewish state in 63 BC. At this time jewish rulers were just puppets for the roman empire
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Significance of Pompey.
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Their troops overthrew Aristiobulus II which made it possible for John Hyrancus to come to power
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Who is Herod the Great?
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Monarch ruling Palestine when Jesus was born
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Who are Herod Philip, Antipas, and Archelaus?
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Herod Phillip: Son of Herod the Great took control of the land North of the sea of galilee
Herod Antipas: Son of Herod the Great took control of Galilee, this is the Herod john the baptist and examined jesus death Herod Archelaus: Son of Herod the Great took control of Judea, Samaria and Idumea, replaced in 6 CE. by local governors, most notably Pilate, who sentenced Jesus to death |
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Who is Pontius Pilate?
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Sentenced Jesus to death.
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Who is Tiberius?
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The emperor during Jesus' ministry, he appointed Pilate to his postion.
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Who is Herod Agrippa?
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Were father and son and last in line in the Herodian line of emperors, son had affairs with his sister, his dad was a strong supporter of the Pharisees
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Who is Flavius Josephus?
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A first century Jewish historian who participated in revolts but then became a Roman ally.
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Who is Titus?
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Burned and destroyed the Jewish Temple in 70 AD. but then died after a short reign
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Who is Bar Kochba?
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Palestine Jews thought him to be the Messiah when we led another Jewish revolt in 132-135 CE. but during the rebellion Jerusalem was destroyed again
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What is the Massada?
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A Fortress retreat for King Herod
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Who is the author of Mark?
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John Mark, trveling companion of Paul, interpreter for Peter
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What sources does Mark use?
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Oral Tradition
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What date was Mark composed?
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66-70 CE.
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Who is the audience of Mark?
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Gentile Christians facing persecution
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Where was Mark Composed?
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Rome, or syria-palestine
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Explain the Hidden Messiah.
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The reluctance that Jesus does not want news of his miracles spreading and being known
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What is eschatology?
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The study of end times
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Describe Jesus family in Mark.
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Mark describes them as have failed to support him and recognize his divine identity
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How does the book of Mark begin?
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It begins with John the Baptist coming out of the wilderness proclaiming Jesus and then Jesus' baptism
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What does apocalypse mean?
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A literary form that discloses spiritual realities or truths that are normally hidden
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Describe that Last Supper.
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Here Jesus tells his disciple he will die and rise again in three dies also that someone will betray him and that Peter wil deny him 3 times.
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What is Gethsemane?
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A garden Jesus and his disciples went to pray after the last supper, here is where judas betrays him
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Who is Caiaphas?
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High priest, head of the Sanhedrin
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Who is Barabbas?
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A murder set free in exchange for Jesus' death
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Who is Simon of Cyrene?
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The man who carries Jesus cross when he couldn't
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What is Golgatha?
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The site of Jesus' crucifixion
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Who is Mary Magdalene?
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She discovers that Jesus grave is empty
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Who is Joseph of Arimathea?
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Takes Jesus' body from the cross to the grave. Was a member of the Sanhedrin but converted to Jesus' ministry.
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