Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
COLONY
|
When a powerful nation formally takes over and governs an undeveloped area, that area becomes its colony. ex. Brit annexed Gibraltar, Hong Kong, France took over Indo China.
|
|
|
PROTECTORATE
|
When the native ruler remains in power outwardly, but the imperialist nation actually controls affairs behind the scenes. ex France advised theBey of Tunisia and Sultan of Morocco and the Brits advised the Sheik of Kuwait. (There was something of a parallel after WW II in terms of the Soviet satellites.
|
|
|
SPHERE OF INFLUENCE
|
When a powerful nation secured exclusive economic privileges in an underdeveloped region. Usually this economic monopoly was respected by other imperialistic powers. ex. before WW I, France, Britain, Germany and Russia had divided China up into spheres of influence.
|
|
|
J.A. HOBSON
|
(1858-1940) English writer who emphasized importance of economic factors in Imperialism: A Study which was published in 1902.
|
|
|
IMPERIALISM: THE HIGHEST STATE OF CAPITALISM
|
(1916) Written by V.I.Lenin (1870-1924), a Russian Marxist. Wrote that capitalism must expand to survive. Once capitalist investment had saturated the domestic market, it had to go overseas.
|
|
|
"WHITE MAN'S BURDEN"
|
Phrase coined by Rudyard Kipling, English author/poet who spent much time in India. Essentially, he meant that it was the white race's obligation to civilize the less developed people's of the world. Social Darwinists of the day used this phrase to further support their claim that the white man (European) was a superior race.
|
|
|
LIVINGSTON
|
Scottish protestant missionary and physician who explored parts of central Africa between 1840 and 1873.
|
|
|
STANLEY
|
American newspaper journalist and explorer. Undertook expedition in 1871 to find Dr. Livingston who had not been seen or heard from in some time.
|
|
|
LEOPOLD II
|
1870'S - King of Belgium. Began imperial domain in Africa. He privately hired Stanley to represent him in signing treaties with local rulers.
|
|
|
SUEZ CANAL
|
Built by the French & finished in 1869. In 1875 Disraeli bought 44% of it from Egypt's ruler, the Khedive. This pleased British imperialists as it was seen as an important life-line to India.
|
|
|
MAHDI OF SUDAN
|
n 1884, the Mahdi was a religious leader. Beseiged the British and Egyptian forces under Gordon at Khartoum.
|
|
|
KRUGER
|
): When the Jameson Raid occured in 1895, Kruger -the Pres of Transvaal was convinced that the Brits wereplotting to take over the Transvaal and OFS. So led valiant resistance of the Jamesson Raid.
|
|
|
CECIL RHODES
|
1890s - British. Owned the Kimberly Diamond Mines in Cape Colony. Was millionaire who became head of Brit's Cape Colony. Wanted Brit to have an African empire - from Cape Town to Cairo(S. Af to Egypt).
|
|
|
JAMESON RAID
|
Dr. Leander S. Jameson. Led unsuccessful and unauthorised raid into the Transvaalto restore status of Brit citizens living there. Fueled fears that Kruger and other Boers already had about Brit intentions.
|
|
|
BOER WAR
|
Transvaal and OFS put up fierce resistance but ended in Brit victory. In world community, many saw Boers as victims. (Winston Churchill fought in this war)
|
|
|
UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA
|
: In 1910, the Brits united Cape Colony, Natal, the Transvaal and the OFS to form the Union of South Africa, a self-governing dominion. (At same time in West Africa, Brit was expanding trading stations into full scale colonies).
|
|
|
OPIUM WARS
|
Chinese Govt wanted to prevent British imports of opium from India. Brit went to war vs. China in 1841-2. Brit won and annexed Hong Kong and compelled China to open FIVE ports to foreign trade. ELEVEN more forced open in 1858. (TREATY OF NANKING)
|
|
|
BOXER REBELLION
|
Uprising in Peking. 200 + foreigners & missionaries killed. Foreign legations under siege. International expeditionary force sent in to break up seige and relieve legations. Restored order.
|
|
|
ALFRED MAHAN
|
American naval captain who wrote this book in the 1890s. In it he argued that those nations which controlled the seas prevailed. THE INFLUENCE OF SEA POWER ON US HISTORY
|
|
|
CONGRESS OF BERLIN
|
Settled dispute which had culminated in Russo-Turkish War of 1877 over THE EASTERN QUESTION
|
|
|
THE EASTERN QUESTION
|
involved what to do in the Balkans as the Ottoman Empire(sick man of Europe) continued to decay. Russia had declared war on Turkey and invaded area of Rumania. Russian troops had crossed the Danube and stormed Kars. Took Plevna in Bulgaria. Serbs in Balkans had declared war on Turkey.
|
