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84 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is blood supply of the Pelvis and the Perineum?
-Internal Iliac artery and its branches
-Median sacral and gonadal arteries (Direct branches of the abdominal Aorta)
-Gonadal arteries (Testicular and Ovarian arteries)
Which nerve, artery and vein goes ABOVE the Piriformis and through the GREATER Sciatic foramen?
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Superior Gluteal Artery
Superior Gluteal Vein
Which nerve, arteries and veins go BELOW the Piriformis and through the GREATER Sciatic Foramen?
Inferior Glutea Nerve, Artery and Vein
Internal Pudendal Artery and Vein
Pudendal Nerve
Sciatic Nerve
Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
Nerve to the Quadratus Femoris
Nerve to the obturator Internus
Which nerves, arteries and veins go through the LESSER sciatic Foramen?
Pudendal Nerve
Internal Pudendal Arteryand Vein
Nerve to the Obturator Internus
Which artery, nerve and vein go through the Obturator Canal?
Obturator Nerve
Obturator Artery
Obturator Vein
What are the three main branches of the Internal Iliac Artery (Posterior Trunk)?
Iliolumbar Artery
Superior Gluteal Artery
Lateral Sacral Artery
The Iliolumbar Artery supplies which structures?
Quadratus lumborum
Psoas major
Iliacus mm
Pelvic Wall
The Superior Gluteal Artery supplies which structures?
Gluteus Maximum (upper 1/2)
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Tensor Fasciae lata mm
The Lateral Sacral Artery supplies which structures?
-Vertebral Canal
-Back
-Rectum
-Pelvic Wall
In both males and females, the Obturator Artery targets which muscles?
Obturator Internus Muscle
Adductor compartment of the thigh
In both males and females, the Superior Vesical Artery targets which structure?
Bladder
The Perineal structures are supplied which artery in both males and females?
Internal Pudendal Artery
The Lower 1/2 of the Gluteus maximus is supplied by which artery in both males and females?
The Inferior Gluteal Artery
The Rectum is supplied by which artery? (males and females)
Middle Rectal Artery
The bladder, prostate and seminal vesicle is supplied by which artery? (males)
Inferior Vesical
The Vas deferens is supplied by which artery?
Deferential Artery
The Uterine artery targets which structure?
Uterus
The Vaginal artery targets which structure?
Vagina
The External Pudendal artery supplies which structures?
-The skin of the penis and scrotum (males)
-Clitoris and labia majora (females)
The Anal Canal is supplied by which artery in males and females?
Inferior Rectal Artery
The structures inferior to the perineal membrane is supplied by which artery? (males and females)
The Perineal Artery
The continuation of the Internal Pudendal Artery after its perineal branch is known as which artery? (Males)
Artery of Penis
The bulb of the Penis is supplied by which artery?
Artery of Bulb (Branch of Artery of Penis)
The Crus of Penis and Corpus Cavernosum is supplied which artery?
Deep artery of Penis (Branch of Artery of Penis)
The Non-erectile tissues of the penis and glans Penis is supplied by which artery?
Dorsal artery of Penis (Branch of Artery of Penis)
The continuation of the Internal Pudendal Artery after its perineal branch is known as which artery? (Female)
Artery of Clitoris
The Bulb of Vestibule is supplied by which artery?
Artery of Bulb (Branch of Artery of Clitoris)
The Crus of Clitoris and corpus Clitoridis is supplied by which artery?
Deep artery of Clitoris (Branch of Artery of Clitoris)
The non-erectile tissues of clitoris and glans clitoridis is supplied by which artery?
Dorsal Artery of Clitoris (Branch of Artery of Clitoris)
All branches of the Internal Iliac arteries have their corresponding veins except which arteries?
The Umbilical arteries
Iliolumbar arteries
Internal pudendal artery
Which vein drains the glans and corpora cavernosa of phallus (Penis/clitoris)?
Deep Dorsal Vein
Which vein runs along the dorsal midline between the dorsal arteries of the penis/clitoris?
Deep Dorsal Vein
Which vein does NOT have any corresponding arteries?
Deep Dorsal Vein
Which veins are an important portocaval anastomosis in the rectal veins?
-Superior Rectal Vein (into Portal Vein)
-MIddle Rectal Vein (into the IVC)
-Inferior Rectal Vein (into the IVC)
Where does the Pelvic Lymph drain into?
Directly and indirectly into the lateral aortic nodes --> lumbar trunks--> thoracic duct
Where does the Internal Iliac nodes receive its drainage from?
The Gluteal region and from the deep perineum
The lymphs from superficial penis/clitoris, scrotum and labia major drain mainly into which nodes?
The Superficial Inguinal Nodes
Which lymphs drain into the deep inguinal nodes and the external iliac nodes?
Glans Penis
Glans Clitoridis
Labia minora
Terminal Inferior end of Vagina
The lymph from testes drain directly into which nodes?
-Lateral aortic (lumbar) node
-Pre-aortic node
The Sacral and Coccygeal Plexuses are formed by which rami? What does it innervate?
Ventral Rami of S1-Co1 (gets major contribution from L4-L5)
-innervates lower limb
-muscles of pelvis and perineum
-skin of these regions
The sacral Plexus if formed by which rami?
-The Ventral Rami of S1-S4 and Lumbosacral trunk (L4-L5)
What are the major branches of the Sacral Plexus?
Pudendal nerve
Gluteal Nerve
Sciatic Nerves
Where does the Sciatic Nerve leave from?
Leaves the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the Piriformis
What are the two branches of the Sciatic Nerve?
The Tibial (L4-S3)
Common Fibular (L4-S2)
Which structures does the Sciatic Nerve innervate?
-Muscles in the posterior and lateral compartments of the thigh
-Anterior, lateral and posterior compartments of the leg
-plantar and dorsal compartments of the foot
The Pudendal Nerve is formed by which rami?
Ventral Rami of S2-S4
The Pudenal Nerve leaves from which structure?
Leaves the Pelvic Cavity through the Greater Sciatic Foramen, Inferior to the Piriformis, and enters the Perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen
The Pudendal Nerve is accompanied by which nerve and vein?
The Internal Pudendal Artery
-Internal Pudendal Nerve
The Skin, skeletal muscles of the perineum, external urethral and external anal sphincters are supplied by which nerve?
The Pudendal Nerve
What are the three main branches of the Pudendal Nerve in the Perineum (Male)
-Inferior Rectal Nerve
-Perineal Nerve
-Dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris
What does the Inferior Rectal Nerve supply? (Male)
-External anal sphincter
-part of levator ani
-Sensory to skin of anal triangle
What does the Perineal Nerve supply? (Male)
Skeletal muscles in superficial and deep perineal pouches.
The Dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris supplies which structure?
The Sensory to the Penis/Clitoris (especially the glans)
Which nerve is blocked during delivery to relieve most of the somatic pain?
Pudendal Nerve
What are the branches of the Sacral Plexus?
Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)
Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5-S2)
Obturator Nerve (L2-L4)
Nerve to the Obturator Internus (L5-S2)
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L4-S1)
Nerve to Piriformis (S1-S2)
Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (S2-S3) [S1]
Perforating Cutaneous Nerve (S2-S3)
What does the Superior Gluteal Nerve supply?
The Gluteus Medius
The Gluteus Minimus
Tensor Fasciae Lata
What does the Inferior Gluteal Nerve supply?
The Gluteus Maximus
What does the Obturator Nerve supply?
Adductor Compartment of the thigh
What does the posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve supply?
The Skin of the Thigh
What does the Perforating Cutaneous Nerve supply?
The Skin over the inferior aspect of the buttocks
The Coccygeal Plexus is supplied by which Rami? What does it give rise to? What does it innervate? Which muscle does it pierce?
The Ventral Rami of (S4) S5-Co1
-Gives rise to anococcygeal nerves
-innervates the skin in the anal triangle of the perineum
-pierces the Coccygeus muscle
How many sympathetic ganglia are present on each trunk?
4
How does the Prevertebral plexus enter the pelvis?
It enters as hypogastric nerves, originating from Superior hypogastric plexus
What forms the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus?
Hypogastric Nerve and the Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve
The erectile tissues in the penis and the clitoris are innervated by branches of what plexus?
The Branches of Prostatic Plexus (Males)
and Uterovaginal Plexus (Females)
Which nerve is the main parasympathetic nerve?
The Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve S2-S5
Parasympathetic innervation of the hindgut, pelvis and the perineum is controlled by which nerve?
The Splanchnic Nerve
Sympathetic Innervation of the Pelvis mainly comes from which segments of the Spinal Cord?
T10-L2
The Sympathetic Innervations of the Pelvis causes contraction to which muscles?
-smooth muscle in the internal urethral sphincter (male)
-smooth muscle in internal anal Sphincter (male and female)
Which innervation of the pelvis is responsible for the contraction of smooth muscle of the reproductive tract and the accessory glands of the reproductive system ?
Sympathetic Innervations of the Pelvis
Sympathetic Innervations of the Pelvis is important in moving secretions from what structure?
The Epididymis and associated glands into the urethra to form semen during ejaculation
T12-L1 supplies which pelvic structures?
Ovary
Testis
Vas Deferens (in Spermatic Cord)
L1-L2 supplies which pelvic structures?
Intrapelvic vas deferens and seminal vesicle
-bladder, urethra, rectum (male and female)
-Prostate and prostatic urethra
T10-L1 Supplies which pelvic structures?
Uterus
Uterine Tubes
Erection, Urination, defecation is supplied by which nerve?
Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve from S2-S5
-Parasympathetics!

Point Pee Poop
Ejaculation and Orgasm is supplied from which nerve?
The Thoracic and Lumbar Splanchnic Nerve
T10-L2
The Somatic Nervous System is carried by which nerves?
The Pudendal Nerve and direct branches from S2-S4
Which system controls the functions of ovaries, testes and uterus: ovulation, spermatogenesis, and uterine contractions during menstruation and childbirth?
VISCERAL Nervous System!
T10-L2 is responsible for contraction of which sphincter and which muscle?
-Contraction of Internal sphincters (urethral/anal)
-Relaxation of smooth muscles in the walls of rectum and bladder
S2-S4 is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of which muscle?
Relaxation of smooth internal sphincters
-Contraction of smooth muscles in the walls of the rectum and bladder
Somatic Innervation of the Pelvis and the Perineum is which nerve?
Pudendal Nerve (S2-S4)
Which structures keep the contents of the rectum and bladder inside?
Levator Ani
External Anal Sphincter
Puborectal Sling
Sphincter Urethrae
Which muscles assist in erection by pumping blood into the erectile tissue, rhythmical contractions during ejaculation/orgasm?
The Bulbospongiosus
Ischiocavernosus
Which motor system is responsible for making the muscles in the walls contract and relax the internal sphincters?
The Visceral Motor System