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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
action potential
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The electrical signal conducted along axons (or muscle fibers) by which information is conveyed from one place to another in the nervous system.
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depolarization
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Displacement of a cell’s membrane potential toward a less negative value.
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electrochemical equilibrium
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The condition in which no net ionic flux occurs across a membrane because ion concentration gradients and opposing transmembrane potentials are in exact balance.
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equilibrium potential
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The membrane potential at which a given ion is in electrochemical equilibrium.
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hyperpolarization
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The displacement of a cell’s membrane potential toward a more negative value.
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ion channels
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Integral membrane proteins possessing pores that allow certain ions to diffuse across cell membranes, thereby conferring selective ionic permeability.
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Nernst equation
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A mathematical relationship that predicts the equilibrium potential across a membrane that is permeable to only one ion.
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overshoot
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The peak, positive-going phase of an action potential, caused by high membrane permeability to a cation such as Na+ or Ca2+.
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receptor potential
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The membrane potential change elicited in receptor neurons during sensory transduction.
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resting potential
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The inside-negative electrical potential that is normally recorded across all cell membranes.
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rising phase
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The initial, depolarizing phase of an action potential, caused by the regenerative, voltage-dependent influx of a cation such as Na+ or Ca2+.
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threshold
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The level of membrane potential at which an action potential is generated.
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undershoot
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The final, hyperpolarizing phase of an action potential, typically caused by the voltage-dependent efflux of a cation such as K+.
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