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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a |
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b |
b |
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c |
c |
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frontal lobe impairment |
▪Contralateral weakness ▪perseveration, inattention ▪personality changes, antisocial behavior ▪Broca's aphasia (expressive deficits) ▪delayed or poor initiation, emotional lability |
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parietal impairment |
▪dominant hemisphere (typically located in the left hemisphere): agraphia, alexia, agnosta ▪non-dominant hemisphere (typically located in the right hemisphere): dressing apraxia, ; anosognosia : ▪contralateral sensory deficits ▪impaired languages comprehension |
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temporal lobe impairment |
▪learning deficits ▪Wernicke's aphasia (receptive deficits) ▪antisocial, aggressive behaviors ▪difficulty with facial recognition difficulty with memory, memory loss . ▪inability to categorize objects |
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occipital lobe impairment |
▪homonymous hemianopsia ▪impaired extraocular muscle- movement and visual deficits ▪reading and writing impairment ▪cortical blindness with bilateral lobe involvement |
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left hemisphere specialization |
▪Language ▪Sequence and perform movements ▪Understand language ▪Produce written and spoken language ▪ Analytical ▪Controlled ▪Logical ▪Rational ▪Mathematical calculations ▪Express positive emotions such as love and happiness ▪Process verbally coded information in an organized, logical, and sequential rianner |
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right hemisphere specialization |
▪Nonverbal processing ▪Process information in a holistic manner ▪Artistic abilities ▪General concept comprehension ▪Hand-eye coordination ▪Spatial relationships ▪Kinesthetic awareness ▪Understand music ▪Understand nonverbal communication ▪Mathematical reasoning ▪Express negative emotions ▪Bodyimage awareness |
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cranial nerves |
olfactory (smell) Optic (sight) Oculomotor (eye movement) trochlear (muscle of the eye) Trigeminal (touch pain, mastication) abducens (lat eye movement) facial (taste) (voluntary face muscles) vesibulocochlear (hearing balance ear) glossopharyngeal (touchtaste, pharynx) Vagus (touch taste, palate muscles) Accessory SCM hypoglossal (voluntary tongue) |
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dorsal nerve |
rhomboids levator scapula |
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long thoracic n. |
serratus anterior |
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suprascapular n. |
infraspinatus supraspinatus |
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lateral pectoral n. |
pectoralis major clavical head |
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musculocutaneous n. |
coracobrachialis biceps brachii brachialis |
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lateral root of median n. |
flexors of the forearm except flex carpi ulnaris and muscle of the hand |
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medial pectoral n. |
pec major pec minor |
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ulnar n. |
flexor carpi ulnaris flexor digitorum profundus, most small muscles in the hand |
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medial root of median n. |
flexors of forearm except flexor carpi ulnaris, and five muscles of the hand |
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upper subscapular n. |
subscapularis |
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thoracodorsal n. |
latissimus dorsi |
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lower subscapular n. |
subscapularis teres major |
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axillary n. |
deltoids teres minor |
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radial n. |
brachialradialis, triceps, supinator, anconeus, wrist extensors |
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lumbar plexus |
psoas major psoas minor QL |
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sacral plexus |
piriformis superior gemelli inferior gemelli obturator interns quadratus femoris |
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inferior gluteal n. |
glute max |
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superior gluteal n. |
glute medius glute minimus tensor fascia latae |
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sciatic n. tibial division |
semitendinosus semimembranosus biceps femoris longhead |
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sciatic n. common peroneal division |
biceps femoris short head |
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deep peroneal n. |
tibialias anterior extensor digitorum longus extensor hallucis longus extensor digitorum brevis |
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superficial peroneal n. |
peroneus longus peroneus brevis |
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femoral n. |
Vastus lateralis Rectus femoris Vastus medialls Vastus intermedius Iliacus Sartorius Pectineus |
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Obturator Nerve
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Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Obturator externus Gracilis |
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Tibial Nerve |
Soleus Popliteus plantaris Tibialis posterior Gastrocnemius Flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus |
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Medial Plantar .Nerve |
Abductor hallucis Lumbrical Flexor digitorum brevis Flexor hallucis brevis |
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Lateral Plantar Nerve |
Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi Opponens digiti minimi Dorsal interossei Quadratus plantae Adductor hallucis Lumbrical ll,III,IV Plantar interossei |
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reflex grading normal |
0 no response 1+ 2+ 3+ brisk response 4+ very brisk response hyperactive |
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UMND upper motor neuron disease |
Reflexes Hyperactive Atrophy Mild from disuse Fasciculations Absent Tone Hypertonic |
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LMND disease |
Reflexes Diminished or absent Atrophy Present Fasciculations Present ToneHypotonic to flaccid |
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antiepileptic agents |
▪Action: reduce or eliminate seizure activity by inhibiting the firing of certain cerebral neurons ▪Indications: seizure activity ▪Side effects: ataxia, skin issues, behavioral chanqes, gastrointestinal distress, headache, blurred vision, weight gain
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Antispasticity agents |
▪Action: promote relaxation in spastic muscles by binding to receptor sites within the CNS ▪Indications: spasticity, increased toned spinal cord injury, CVA; multiple sclerosis ▪Side effects: drowsiness, confusion, headache, dizziness, generalized muscle weakness, hepatotoxicity (Dantrium only), tolerance, dependence |
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dopamine replacement agents |
▪Action: reduce the effects of decreased endogenous dopamine by crossing the blood- brain barrier and transforming into dopamine within the brain ▪Indications: Parkinson's disease; Parkinsonism ▪Side effects: arrhythmias (levodopa only), gastrointestinal distress, orthostatic hypotension, dyskinesias, hood and behavioral changes, tolerance |
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muscle relaxants agents |
▪Action: promote relaxation in muscles that present with spasm that is a continuous, tonic contraction ▪Indications: muscle spasm ▪Side effects: sedation, drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, headache, tolerance, dependence |
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levels of motor control |
mobility stability controlled mobility skill |
