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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Behcet disease
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aseptic meningoencephalitis
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Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome
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frontal-type dementia, seizures, pyramidal signs, focal demyelination and necrosis of the corpus callosum
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Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
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atonic, tonic, myoclonic, GTC, absence seizures, MR, slow 1-2hz spike and wave EEG findings, tx: valproic acid, lamotrigine, felbamate
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Benign rolandic epilepsy
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Simple partial invovling mouth and face, GTC, nocturnal preponderance of szs, centrotemporal spikes on EEG, tx: carbamazepine
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Apraxia
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inability to perform a learned motor task despite preservation of necessary basic motor, sensory, cognitive capacities
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Agnosia
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inability to recognize objects despite preservation of the basic sensory modalities being used
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Alexander disease
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glial fibrillary acidic protien defect, rosenthal fibers on bx, macrocephaly, demyelination of the CNS
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Canavan disease
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aspartoacylase deficiency, macrocephaly, demyelination of the CNS
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Anti-Hu antibodies
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sensory neuronopathy - paraneoplastic disorder (SCLC) a/w paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis, ataxia, and autonomic neuropathies
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Causes of sensory neuropathy
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Sjogren, pyridoxine intoxication, chemo (cisplatin)
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Pancerebellar syndrome
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ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus - underlying malignancy is gynecological
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Mytonic dystrophy
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causes frontal balding, diabetes, GI sxs, cataracts, cardiac arrythmias - AD inheritance, triplet repeat in DMPK gene, EMG shows myotonic discharges
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Mononeuropathy multiplex
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multiple, sequential mononeuropathies, each affecting a single peripheral nerve
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Subfalcine herniation
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compression of ACA with leg weakness
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Uncal herniation
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i.l. CN III palsy. compression of c.l. cerebral peduncle against free edge of tentorium --> i.l. hemiparesis (Kernohans notch phenomenon)
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Right INO
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inability to adduct the right eye in left lateral gaze plus nystagmus of the abducting left eye, caused by lesion of MLF
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One-and-a-half syndrome
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lesion involving the PPRF, CNVI and adjacent i.l. MLF --> only eye movement present in horizontal plane is abduction of left eye (for right one and a half)
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bilateral LMN facial weakness, lymphocytic meningitis, cranial neuropathies including optic neuropathy with RAPD
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sarcoidosis
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hypomelanotic eye lesions, cortical tubers, subependymal giant cell astrocytomas
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tuberous sclerosis
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polyradiculitis with flaccid paraparesis, sacral pain, paresthesias, sphincter dysfunction or cauda equina syndrome cause in an immunocompromised individual
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CMV
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ICH caused by HTN - areas in order of decreasing frequency
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basal ganglia, thalamus, pons, cerebellum
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Carbamazepine side effects
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hyponatremia, agranulocytosis, SJS
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parkinsonism, supranuclear impairment of eye movements with difficult vertical gaze, impaired postural reflexes
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progressive supranuclear palsy
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ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, areflexia (variant of GBS), anti-GQ1b antibodies
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Miller-Fisher Syndrome
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most sensitive MRI sequence for presence of blood breakdown products
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susceptibility
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REM sleep disorders
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synucleinopathies - PD, lewy body dementia, multiple system atrophy
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Vitamin E deficiency
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ataxia, myelopathy, polyneuropathy
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