Neurology Board Review

Front 1

difficulty learning new material, recent memory impairment and declined verbal fluency mostly in the elderly.

Back 1

alzheimer's dz

Front 2

confirmatory dx findings in autopsy of alzheimer's dz

Back 2

neurofibrilliary tangles

Front 3

condition seen in bell's palsy where pt shows low tolerance for sounds normal to others

Back 3

hyperacusis

Front 4

corner-stone tx for myasthenia gravis

Back 4

pyridostigmine (mestinon)
neostigmine (prostigmin)

Front 5

trigger for cluster ha

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etoh

Front 6

infection of the brain parenchyma

Back 6

encephalitis

Front 7

only type of meningitis that occurs in outbreaks

Back 7

meningoccocal

Front 8

possible causes of staph meningitis (3)

Back 8

trauma
neurologic procedure
endocarditis

Front 9

3 classes of abx that should not be used in meningitis due to low efficacy related to csf access

Back 9

1st and 2nd gen cephs
clindamycin

Front 10

drug of choice for chemoprophylaxis in personel in close contact w/ meningococcal meningitis pt

Back 10

rifampin
other alternatives are: quinolone and azythromycin

Front 11

Sensory systems, voluntary eye muscles, and urinary sphincter are spared in what neurologic dz

Back 11

ALS

Front 12

drug to reduce progression of ALS at least 3 months

Back 12

riluzole (Rilutek)

Front 13

tx for essential tremor 2 drugs

Back 13

beta blockers
small dose ETOH

Front 14

pt presents w/ inability of protuding her tongue, think...

Back 14

huntington's dz

Front 15

pt is unable to resist blinking when tapped on the glabella

Back 15

myerson's sign (parkinson's)

Front 16

shock sensation running down the spine when flexing the neck

Back 16

Lhermitte's Sign (MS classically)

Front 17

postictal paralysis

Back 17

Todd's paresis

Front 18

type of seizure where only a part of the body is affected w/o LOC

Back 18

simple partial seizure

Front 19

pt appears staring and then blinks fast for a couple of secs

Back 19

abscense seizure

Front 20

drug of choice for abscense seizure

Back 20

ethosuximide

Front 21

drug of choice for myoclonic seizure

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valproic acid

Front 22

ataxia, gingival hyperplasia and nystagmus are AE of...

Back 22

phenytoin

Front 23

most common aneurysm type

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saccular (berry)

Front 24

most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage

Back 24

trauma

Front 25

focal deficit in internal carotid oclussion

Back 25

ipsilateral blindness

Front 26

Slow, purposeless and involuntary movements of the extremities

Back 26

Athetosis

Front 27

Inability to identify objects or people

Back 27

Agnosia

Front 28

Rapid disease progresion (weeks to months), dementia with myoclonus

Back 28

Bovine Spongyform Encephalopathy or Creutzfeld-Jakob's disease

Front 29

major difference between MS and Neuromyelitis Optica

Back 29

MRI IN NMO SHOWS LESIONS OF THE SPINAL CORD ONLY UNLIKE MS WHICH INVOLVES THE BRAIN

Front 30

pt presents with decreeased visual acuity and loss of bladder control along with weakness of the extremities.

Back 30

NEUROMYELITIS OPTICA

Front 31

Which protein is the target of antibodies in Neuromyelitis Optica

Back 31

AQUAPORIN 4

Front 32

Multisystem atrophy with chronic orthostatic hypotension

Back 32

SHY-DRAGER SYNDROME

Front 33

Headache awaking the pt from sleep, projectile vomiting

Back 33

INCREASED ICP

Front 34

Bradycardia, hypertension and cheyne-stokes respirations

Back 34

CUSHING'S TRIAD FOR INCREASED ICP

Front 35

Irregular breathing pattern of hyperapneic and apneic oscillations assoc. with increased ICP

Back 35

CHEYNE-STOKES BREATHING

Front 36

Regular breathing pattern of hyperapnea and apnea aka "cluster breathing" assoc. with opioid tox

Back 36

BIOT'S RESP.

Front 37

Deep and labored breathing pattern assoc. w/ DKA

Back 37

KUSSMAUL RESP.

Front 38

Increased ICP assoc. with vit A toxicity common in obese young females

Back 38

PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI

Front 39

Painless ulcers usually above the ankle

Back 39

VENOUS ULCERS

Front 40

Painful ulcers assoc. with decreased pulses, cyanosis and pallor

Back 40

ARTERIAL ULCERS

Front 41

Two mechanisms by which hyponatremia can develop as a result of a subarachnoid hemorrhage

Back 41

SIADH
Cerebral salt wasting (surge of epi and norepi = diuresis)

Front 42

Pt with a hx of htn presents w/ non-positional vertigo and unilateral posterior headache. Which artery/arteries are affected?

Back 42

CIRCUMFERENCIAL ARTERIES BRANCHING FROM THE VERTEBROBASILAR ARTERY (ANTERIOR CEREBELLAR ARTERY AND PONTINE BRANCHES)

Front 43

Basilar thrombosis is the most common cause of this illness

Back 43

LOCKED-IN SYNDROME

Front 44

quadraplegic and silent pt who is alert w/ preserved eye movement. Dx?

Back 44

LOCKED-IN SYNDROME

Front 45

Which substance overdose should be ruled out in a pt who appears brain dead?

Back 45

PHENOBARBITAL

Front 46

Rotary nystagmus, agitation and seizures are typical signs of what recreational drug toxicity

Back 46

PHENCYCLIDINE (PCP)

Front 47

Injury to this lobe of the brain manifests with psychiatric symptoms like olfactory or auditory hallucinations etc..

Back 47

TEMPORAL LOBE

Front 48

Pt presents with poor concentration, moria, inapropiate joking and Broca's aphasia. Which area of the brain is most likely damaged?

Back 48

FRONTAL LOBE

Front 49

Medical term for childish euphoria

Back 49

MORIA

Front 50

ataxia, scoliosis, pes cavus

Back 50

FRIEDREICH ATAXIA

Front 51

Visual hallucinations associated with parkisonian features and fluctuant alerteness

Back 51

LEWY BODY DEMENTIA

Front 52

Condition where the pt believes a family member or caregiver has been replaced by an impostor

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CAPGRAS OR DELUSIONAL MISIDENTIFICATION SYNDROME

Front 53

Pt presents w/ hyperacusis, impaired taste and sudden facial weakness

Back 53

BELL'S PALSY

Front 54

Immuno-supressed pt w/ focal deficits as well as ams associated w/ JC virus infection and homonymous hemianopsia..dx?

Back 54

PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY

Front 55

Clawing of the toes is a clue about which nerve injury?

Back 55

TIBIAL NERVE

Front 56

Which nerve is likely affected in foot drop?

Back 56

DEEP PERONEAL NERVE

Front 57

First and second most common locations of circle of willis aneurysms

Back 57

1- ANTERIOR COMMUNICATING A.
2- POSTERIOR COMMUNICATING A.

Front 58

Difference between classic and bulbar poliomyelitis

Back 58

CLASSIC POLIO AFFECTS MUSCLES SUPPLIED BY SPINAL NERVES
BULBAR POLIO AFFECTS MUSCLES SUPPLIED BY CRANIAL NERVES

Front 59

Benign CNS tumor associated with hyperostosis and intra-tumor calcifications

Back 59

MENINGIOMA

Front 60

Dx of a tumor that shows ring enhancement with central necrosis invading the white matter tracts

Back 60

GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME

Front 61

HIV + Pt presents with recent memory loss and confusion that waxes and wanes throughout the day. Has trouble speaking and writing. Ct shows cortical atrophy and ventricular enlargement and CSF analysis reveals increase protein content. Dx?

Back 61

AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX

Front 62

HIV + pt complains of lower extremity weakness as well as an episode of fecal incontinence. Physical Exam reveals decreased sensation in the lower extremities..Dx?

Back 62

VACUOLAR MYELOPATHY

Front 63

Which lab test can be used to differentiate an epileptic seizure from a psychogenic one?

Back 63

PROLACTIN LEVEL..IT IS USUALLY HIGH IN POSTICTAL PHASE OF TRUE SEIZURES

Front 64

Pt presents with progressive neurologic deficits. MRI shows well-demarcated, contrast-enhanced lesions located supratentorially. What's the most likely dx?

Back 64

BRAIN METASTASES

Front 65

A child w/ a h/o cognitive dysfunction presents w/ recurrent myoclonic seizures that don't improve with anticonvulsants. EEG shows slow-spike interictal waves. MLDx?

Back 65

LENNOX-GASTAUT SYNDROME