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37 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
XII Cranial Nerves
Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducens, Facial, Vestibularcochlear, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Spinal accessory, Hypoglossal
I. Olfactory
Sensory: Smell reception and interpretation
II. Optic
Sensory: Visual acuity and visual fields.
III. Oculomotor
Motor: Raise eyelids, most extraocular movements
Parasympathetic: pupillary constriction, change lens shape
IV. Trochlear
Motor: Downward, inward eye movement.
V. Trigeminal
Motor: Jaw opening and clenching, chewing and mastication
Sensory: Sensation to cornea, iris, lacrimal glands, conjunctiva, eyelids, forehead, nose, nasal and mouth mucosa, teeth, tongue, ear, facial skin
VI. Abducens
Motor: Lateral eye movement.
VII. Facial
Motor: Movement of facial expression muscles expect jaw, close eyes, labial speech sounds
Sensory: Taste -anterior two thirds of tongue, sensation to pharynx
Parasympathetic: Secretion of saliva and tears
VIII. Vestibulocochlear
Sensory: Hearing and equilibrium
IX. Glossopharyngeal
Motor: Voluntary muscles for swallowing and phonation
Sensory: Sensation of nasopharynx, gag reflex, taste -posterior one third of tongue
Parasympathetic: Secretion of salivary glands, carotid reflex
X. Vagus
Motor: Voluntary muscles of phonation (guttural speech sounds) and swallowing
Sensory: Sensation behind the ear and part of external ear canal.
Parasympathetic: Secretion of digestive enzymes; peristalsis; carotid reflex; involutary action of heart, lung, and digestive
XI. Spinal accessory
Motor: Turn head, shrug shoulders, some action for phonation
XII. Hypoglossal
Motor: Tongue movement for speech sound articulation and swallowing
What is Dizziness?
Feeling of being lightheaded
Common with low blood pressure, dehydration
Feeling of "Passing out"
What is Vertigo?
Feeling of you or your surroundings spinning or whirling.
What do you assess for a neurologic physical assessment?
1. Level of consciousness (Ask them what their name is) [Oriented to self, place & time]
2. Pupillary evaluation
3. Neuromuscular response including cranial nerves
4. Vital signs
What do you ask a patient to assess level of consciousness?
Check if person is orientated to self, place & time
In what order does a person lose orientation to self, place & time?
* Date and time is first to disappear.
* Place is second orientation to disappear.
* Person is last orientation to disappear.
Why do we use Glasgow Coma Scale in neurological assessment?
The nurses uses the GCS as a tool to assess the level of consciousness.
What three major components are you assessing in neurological assessment?
Brain function, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system
How do you assess Cranial nerve II?
Visual acuity- using Snellen eye chart.
Visual fields- peripheral
What does PERRLA stand for?
Pupils
Equal
Round
Reactive
Light
Accommodation
What happens to the left eye if you shine a light in the right eye?
They both constrict together.
What is accomodation?
Test the physical movements of the eye
Six Cardinal Views of Gaze
allows assessment of each muscle in its primary field of action
What is the Weber test using a tuning fork?
Activate the tuning fork and place on top of head, patient should hear the sound on both sides equally.
What is the Rinne test using a tuning fork?
Activate the tuning fork and place it on the mastoid process behind the ear. Ask the patient to tell you when they can no longer feel the vibration. Then placed next to the ear and ask when they can no longer hear it. Time each portion, time to hear it should be twice as long as feeling it.
What is the Whisper test?
Have the patient occlude one ear and whisper a word or letter and have the patient repeat it to you. Do the same with the other ear.
What are dermatomes?
each nerve corresponds with a specific area of the skin
How many spinal nerves are there?
31
How many Cervical nerves are there?
8
How many Thoracic nerves are there?
12
How many lumbar nerves are there?
5 (Spinal plexes)
How many Sacral nerves are there?
5 (Sacral plexus)
What is the last spinal nerve?
Coccygeal nerve
What is sympathetic nervous system?
Flight or fight, located through T-1 to L-3
What is parasympathetic?
Feed and breed, sacral and cervical