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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nervous system anatomy can be divided into: (2) |
-Central Nervous System (Brain and spinal cord) -Peripheral Nervous System (Cranial Nerves-12 pairs) (Spinal Nerves-31 pairs) |
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What does the peripheral system do? |
The peripheral nervous system acts as thecommunication system between CNS and the body/organ systems |
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What is the autonomic nervous system? And what are its functions? |
-Works to maintainhomeostasis
-Controls involuntarymuscles, glands,processes |
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What is the somatic nervous system? and what are its functions? |
-Allows for voluntarymovements.
-Innervates skeletalmuscle. Voluntary & Involuntary |
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WHat are the two main CNS pathways? |
SENSORY -Sensory pathwaysexist in muscles,organs, tendons, skin,etc. (Important role in organ function, posture, reflexes, conscious state.) MOTOR -Provides commands and responses to muscles. Maintains body movement and control e.g. swallowing and grabbing a fork |
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What is the order of assessment for neuro assessment? |
1. Inspection and functional assessment 2. Reflexes 3. Cranial Nerve assessment 4. Glascow Coma scale (GCS) |
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Inspection: Health history (what questions would you ask your patient?) |
>Head Injury
>Dizziness >Seizures >Tremors (considercauses) >Coordination Speech/Swallow >Stroke? >Meningitis >Environmentalexposure |
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Inspection (What would you initially look at?) (7) |
Symmetry (of the face and body) Muscle atrophy Conscious state Mental state Balance Posture Motor function Coordination |
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Stroke, what are the signs? (4) |
FAST Face Arms speech time |
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Which four tests will you conduct in the inspection and functional asseessment? |
-Romberg test -Finger to nose test -sensory -reflex test |
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What is the romberg test? What is the finger to nose? |
>Get the patient to stand upright and close eyes. Observe how the patient balances. (Normal posture = normal) >Ask patient to close eyes and alternate each arm and touch nose with finger.(Looking at fine motor skills) Abnormal response is when patient misses nose. |
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What are the three sensory tests? |
>Pain (sharp Vs dull) >Stereognosis (recognising objects by touch) >Graphesthesia (recognising symbols by touch) |
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What is the the reflex art? Aim and function? How many different types? |
>Involuntary basic defence mechanism >Associated with Somatic Nervous System(peripheral) >Allows for quick reaction to potentially painful ordamaging situations. >Assessment aims to determine integrity of spinalnerves >(Deep tendon, superficial, visceral, pathological) |
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Deep tendon reflex: How is this assessment conducted? |
>Ensure limb and patient are relaxed >Apply direct stimuli (reflex hammer) >Observe for reaction¢ Various Reflex Arc sites: Quadriceps Biceps Triceps |
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cranial nerves? 1,2,3,4,6 |
1. Olfactory - sensory - smell 2. Optic - sensory - vision 3. Uculomotor - mixed - eye movement, pupil reaction. 4. Trochlear- motor- " 6. Abducens- motor -" |
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Cranial Nerves: 5, 7 |
5. Trigeminal - mixed - (face, scalp, cornea) assessment - touch and cornea reflex 7. Facial Nerve - mixed - facial muscle and taste assess - face symmetry and taste |
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Cranial nerve: 8 |
Acoustic (equilibrium) - hearing - sensory assess with tuning fork |
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Cranial nerve: 9 and 10 |
9. Glossopharyngeal - mixed - speech, taste, swallow, gag reflex assess - stimuli gag reflex and say ahhhh 10. Vagus - mixed - speech, swallow, carotid |
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Cranial nerve: 11 |
SPINAL - motor Trapezius Sternomastoid (Requesting patient to turn head at retention of holding their shoulders.) |
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Cranial nerve: 12 |
Hypoglossal (motor) tongue assess - movement and speech |
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What is the part of assessment? |
GLASGOW COMA SCALE (GCS) |
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Through patient assessment: what 4 areas does it focus on? |
Conscious state Motor function Sensory function (Cranial Nerve Function) |
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What is the scale out of? WHat is the lowest recording you can get? |
Out of 15. Lowest is 3 |
