Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cranial Nerve I |
Olfactory
sense of smell (one nose) |
|
Cranial Nerve II
|
Optic
sense of sight (two eyes) |
|
Cranial Nerve III
|
Oculomotor
eye movement (motor) |
|
Cranial Nerve IV
|
Trochlear
eye |
|
Cranial Nerve V
|
Trigeminal
temperature, pain, tactile (3 sensations, 3 branches "tri") corneal reflexes |
|
Cranial Nerve VI
|
Abducens
motor impulses to the rectus muscle on the lateral side of each eye damage causes diplopia |
|
Cranial Nerve VII
|
Facial
dysfunction=bells palsy |
|
Cranial Nerve VIII
|
Auditory/vestibulocochlear
dysfunction=impaired hearing or balance Rinne test evaluates |
|
Cranial Nerve IX
|
Glossopharyngeal
tongue and throat (swallowing, palate elevation, taste) |
|
Cranial Nerve X
|
Vagus
parasympathetic regulation blood pressure, aortic pressure, slowing HR, taste and digestive rate |
|
Cranial Nerve XI
|
Accessory
|
|
Cranial Nerve XII
|
Hypoglossal
tongue dysfunction=tongue will not stick out straight |
|
Bells palsy can be a complication of what disease?
|
Lyme disease
|
|
Treatment for Bell's Palsy
|
Prednisone within 10 days after onset of symptoms.
|
|
Primary Headache
|
Not associated with any other diseases
(migraine, cluster, tension) |
|
Secondary Headache
|
Associated with other conditions
(brain tumor, bleeding) |
|
Most important observations when assessing headache
|
~Any history of similar headaches?
~Intact cognition? ~Supple neck ~Normal neuro exam ~Improvement of symptoms with treatment |
|
Tension headache duration
|
30min to 7 days
|
|
Migraine headache duration
|
4-72 hours
|
|
Cluster headache duration
|
can last weeks to months
|
|
headache usually bilateral
|
tension
|
|
"alarm clock" headache
|
cluster
|
|
headache with pressing quality
|
tension
|
|
headache with pulsating quality
|
migraine
|
|
headache usually unilateral
|
migraine
|
|
headache that usually happens during certain times of the year
|
cluster
|
|
headache that can occur with lacrimation, conjunctival injection, nasal stuffiness or ptosis
|
cluster
|
|
usually located behind unilateral eye
|
cluster
|
|
headache aggravated by normal activity
|
migraine
|
|
migraine prophylaxis
|
propranolol
|
|
Best migraine abortive therapy for ppl with cardiac issues
|
ibuprofen
|
|
Tension headaches more common in men or women?
|
women
|
|
Migraine more common in men or women?
|
women
|
|
Cluster headache more common in men or women?
|
men
|
|
Drawback to use of butalbital (fioricet) for migraine
|
high rebound rate
|
|
Drawback to use of compazine and phenergan
|
extrapyrimidal side effects
(limit to less than 3x per week) |
|
Headache worse upon awakening
|
increased ICP
|
|
Headache worse with coughing
|
increased ICP
|
|
Headache red flags
|
"SNOOP"
Systemic symptoms Neurologic signs Onset (sudden or with exertion) Onset age >50 or <5 Previous history (first HA in adult >30) |
|
Med for migraines with risk of "serotonin syndrome"
|
triptans
|
|
Drawback of injectables for migraine
|
cost $$$
|
|
bacterial meningitis acquisition
|
~to meninges through bloodstream
~extension from another infection |
|
Bacterial meningitis symptom triad
|
fever, headache, stiff neck
|
|
Brudzinski sign
|
(supine) passive neck flexion results in flexion of knees and hips
|
|
Kernig sign
|
(supine) with flexed hip at 90 degrees. When leg straightened, pain in lower back.
|
|
Most at risk for meningitis exposure
|
those with household type or more intimate contact
|
|
Bacterial meningitis CSF protein
|
high
|
|
Bacterial meningitis CSF opening pressure
|
high
|
|
Bacterial meningitis CSF glucose
|
lower than 40%
|
|
Viral meningitis CSF protein
|
normal or high
|
|
Viral meningitis CSF glucose
|
normal
|
|
Viral meningitis CSF lymphocytes (t cells, b cells)
|
high (lymphocytosis)
|
|
Bacterial Meningitis CSF WBCs
|
markedly increased
|
|
Best for prophylaxis for meningitis
|
PO cipro x1
IM Ancef x1 Menactra vaccine |
|
Multiple Sclerosis clinical feature
|
variable exacerbations and remission
|
|
MRI findings for multiple sclerosis
|
demyelinating plaques
|
|
MS treatment to reduce frequency of exacerbations
|
interferon beta-1a
|
|
6 Parkinson cardinal features
|
tremor at rest
rigidity bradykinesia (slow execution of mov't) flexed posture loss of postural reflex masklike facies |
|
Seizure with blank stare
|
Absence (petit-mal)
|
|
Seizure with awake state, brief jerking of limbs and trunk lasting seconds
|
myoclonic
|
|
Seizure with rigid extension of arms and legs
|
grand mal
|
|
Seizure with sudden jerking movements with LOC
|
Grand Mal
|
|
Seizure with bowel and bladder incontinence
|
Grand Mal
|
|
Seizure with post ictal confusion
|
grand mal (tonic-clonic)
|
|
Seizure with awake state with abnormal motor function
|
simple partial (jacksonian)
|
|
: 3rd Degree Burns
1. Burns followed by undue inflammation 2. Burns & scalds producing vesicles, better with cold applications |
Cantharis
|
|
Phenytoin drug interaction with
|
theophylline
(decreased efficacy of both drugs) |
|
Carbamezapine drug interaction with
|
OCPs (decreased efficacy of OCP)
|
|
TIA duration
|
<24 hours
|
|
secondary prevention against ischemic stroke and TIA
|
antiplatelet therapy with aspirin or Plavix
|
|
Warfarin therapy INR goal
|
2.0-3.0
|
|
secondary prevention against stroke from cardiac embolus
|
Warfarin
|
|
Most common cause of stroke
|
cerebral ischemia
|
|
Insidious onset
|
dementia
|
|
acute onset of change in mental status
|
delirium
|
|
associated with anticholinergic drug use
|
delirium
|
|
mental status essentially returns to baseline
|
delirium
|
|
most common cause of delirium
|
infection
(usually UTI or CAP) |