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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the floor of the cerebrum
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corpus callosum
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frontal lobe functions
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learned behavior, motor cortex
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structures in the frontal lobe
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central sulcus
lateral cerebral sulcus precentral gyrus |
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precentral gyrus function
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primary motor cortex
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structures in the parietal lobe
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postcentral gyrus
parieto-occipital sulcus |
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postcentral gyrus function
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primary somatosensory cortex
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temporal lobe functions
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primary auditory cortex
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occipital lobe functions
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primary visual cortex
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calcarine fissure divides:
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cuneate gyrus (superiorly) from the lingual gyrus (inferiorly)
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insula functions
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taste and other visceral functions
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limbic lobe functions
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vital survival portion of the brain, memory
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basal nuclei (ganglia)
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cell bodies deep within the cerebrum
associated with movement |
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diencephalon is/contains
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cell bodies deep within the cerebral hemispheres
-thalamus -hypothalamus -subthalamus -epithalamus |
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thalamus function
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major sensory relay nucleus
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hypothalamus function
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link of nervous system and endocrine system, visceral functions
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subthalamus functions
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motor movement
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epithalamus contains/function
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pineal gland
day/night cycles |
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hippocampus and amygdala functions
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-phyogenetically ancient cortical structure
-in temporal lobe -role in memory consolidation and control of ANS function in relation to previous experience |
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separates cerebrum and cerebellum
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transverse fissure
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white matter tracts in the cerebellum are:
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superior, middle and inferior peduncles
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superior peduncle
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connects cerebellum to midbrain and cerebrum
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middle peduncle
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connects cerebellum to pons
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inferior peduncle
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connects cerebellum to medulla and spinal cord
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brainstem consists of:
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midbrain (mesencephalon)
pons (metencephalon) medulla (myelencephalon) |
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midbrain consists of:
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crus cerebri (anteriorly)
tegmentum - CNN III and IV tectum - corpora quadrigemina posteriorly --superior and inferior colliculi |
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pons consists of
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basis pontis - crossing fibers of the middle cerebellar peduncle
pontine tegmentum - CNN V-VIII |
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medulla consists of
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pyramids and olives (anterior)
gracile and cuneate tubercles (posterior) CNN IX-XII (exception XI) |
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CN I and II are tracts of the
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diencephalon
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internal carotid artery supplies
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anterior circulation - 80% of blood supply to cortex
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internal carotid artery branches
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-anterior cerebral a
-middle cerebral a -posterior communicating a |
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anterior cerebral artery supplies
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medial aspect of the frontal and parietal lobes and medial sensorimotor cortex
-anterior communicating a |
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middle cerebral artery supplied
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virtually entire lateral surface of the cerebral hemispheres
-superior and inferior divisions |
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superior division of the middle cerebral a supplies
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cortex above the lateral fissure
-lateral and frontal cortex including precentral and postcentral gyri |
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inferior division of the middle cerebral a supplies
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cortex below the lateral fissure
-lateral temporal lobe, parts of the parietal lobe |
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Watershed zones are
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regions of the cortex between 2 cerebral vessels
- infarcts with severe drops in systemic bp |
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vertebral - basilar system supplies
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posterior circulation, 20% of cortex supply
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vertebral a branches
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-posterior spinal a
-anterior spinal a -posterior inferior cerebellar a (PICA) |
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basilar a branches
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-anterior inferior cerebellar a (AICA)
-superior cerebellar a -pontine aa -bifurcation makes posterior cerebral a |
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posterior spinal a
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runs caudally on the dorsolateral sulci of the spinal cord
-reinforced by parietal brs as they descend |
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anterior spinal a
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-joins partner from opposite side to for a single a
-along ventral midline of the sc -paramedian brs supply medial caudal medulla -reinforced by parietal brs as it descends |
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posterior inferior cerebellar a supplies
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inferior surface of the cerebellum, choroid plexus, lateral medulla
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anterior inferior cerebellar a supplies
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anterior, inferior surface of cerebellum and caudal lateral pons
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superior cerebellar a supplies
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superior surface of the cerebellum, caudal midbrain (tectum) and rostral pons
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pontine arteries branches and supply
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-paramedian branches supply medial pons
-circumferential branches supply lateral pons |
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posterior cerebral a supplies
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midbrain, most of the thalamus, medial and inferior surfaces of the occipital and temporal lobes
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the communication of the anterior and posterior circulations to the cerebrum and the brainstem
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Circle of Willis
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anterior communicating arteries joins
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anterior cerebral aa
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posterior communicating arteries joins
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internal carotid aa with the posterior cerebral aa
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great cerebral vein of Galen
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lies midline behind the midbrain between the cerebrum and cerebellum
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basal veins of Rosenthal
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venous blood from the deep cerebral veins
-same names as the cerebral arteries |
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superior anastomotic vein of Trolard
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recieves blood from the superficial middle cerebral vein
-drains superficial venous blood into superior sagittal sinus |
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inferior anastomotic vein of Labbe
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recieves blood from superficial middle cerebral vein
-drains superficial venous blood into the confluence of sinuses posteriorly |
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bridging veins
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drain venous blood from the surface of the brain, penetrate the arachnoid mater, then the dura mater to enter the dural venous sinuses
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