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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define the purpose of the Mental Status Exam
(o) |
Examination of neuropsychiatric functioning
Comprehensive description of a patient’s appearance, behavior, thinking, feeling, etc. Meaningful only in the context of other baseline data (e.g., history, physical / neurologic exam) Ex. Tearful patient may be reacting to stress or pain, be depressed, have neurological disease, or other cause The MSE ≠ MMSE |
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Explain how the Mental Status Exam is performed
(o) |
By observation
i.e., many areas assessed while obtaining the history e.g., speech, behavior, affect By asking relevant questions to elicit symptoms that usually cannot be observed e.g., hallucinations, paranoid ideation, mood By performing cognitive screening tests e.g., MMSE, other bedside tests |
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Identify the major components of the Mental Status Exam
(o) |
General appearance, attitude (toward the examiner), and behavior
Motor activity (overactivity, underactivity, abnormal movements, catatonia) Speech Mood and affect Thought process (form) and content Perception Cognitive function Insight and judgment |
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What is the difference btw catatonia, catalepsy, and cataplexy?
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Catatonia: motor symptom: Dx by any two of the following: a. motor immobility, b. motor excitement, c. negativism or mutism, d. posturing, stereotypies or mannerism, e. echolalia (parroting) or echopraxia (miming)
Catalepsy: feature of catatonia, waxy flexibility (muscular rigidity and fixity of posture regardless of external stimuli, as well as decreased sensitivity to pain.) Cataplexy: sudden loss of muscle tone leading to collapse, related to narcolepsy |
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describe the following mood/affects
Constricted/Restricted (flat) Labile Expansive |
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define the following disturbances in thought process:
Circumstantiality Tangentiality Looseness of associations Verbigeration “Word Salad” Neologisms Clang associations |
Circumstantiality (excessive detail but gets to point)
Tangentiality (never gets to point of message) Looseness of associations (ideas loosely connected) Verbigeration (meaningless repetition of words/phrases) “Word Salad” (incoherent collection of words/phrases) Neologisms (creation of new words) Clang associations (rhyming/punning; no logical connection) |
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describe circumstantial thought
*board fodder |
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Describe Tangential thought
* |
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Describe flight of ideas
***** |
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what is the difference between hypnagogic and hypnopompic hallucinations? are these pathological or non pathological?
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Nonpathological: hypnagogic (when you go to sleep), hypnopompic (when you wake up)
Pathological: Auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory, gustatory, somatic |
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what are
Perceptual disturbances? (4) **** |
include:
hallucinations, derealization (where I am at doesn't feel real, i am floating in the space I am in), depresonalization (feel like you are floating outside of yourself), déjà vu |
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What are illusions (with respect to perceptual disturbances?)
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misinterpretation of real stimuli
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on the MMSE what score points to cognitive problems?
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less than 20
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Recognize the difference between the Folstein MMSE and the mental status examination
(o) note: answer extrapolated from Wiki |
The mini–mental state examination (MMSE) or Folstein test is a brief 30-point questionnaire test that is used to screen for cognitive impairment. It is commonly used in medicine to screen for dementia. It is also used to estimate the severity of cognitive impairment at a given point in time and to follow the course of cognitive changes in an individual over time, thus making it an effective way to document an individual's response to treatment.
Mental status is way more in depth |
