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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most common pediatric malignant primary brain tumor |
Medulloblastoma |
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Medulloblastoma features and location |
Most common malignant primary brain tumor in pediatrics. Arise from cerebellar stem cells most frequently from the vermis, but lateral cerebellar hemispheres can do this, too. Half of cases will have perivascular pseudorosettes and Homer Weight rosettes on path. Repetitive blue cells (all blastomas do this). |
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Retinoblastoma features |
In the retina. Histology is monotonous blue cells (blastoma) with rosettes with true lumen, Flexer Wintersteiner rosettes. |
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Juvenile pilocystic astrocytoma |
Second most common pediatric tumor. Posterior fossa most common, also in brainstem, hypothalamus, optic nerve. Cyst with mural nodule. Path: fibrillation cells that stain pos for GFAP. Rosenthal fibers (corkscrew, eosinophilic material. Can also be seen in Alexander's Disease) |
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GBM characteristics |
High grade (solid and necrotic components). Cross corpus callosum (primary CNS lymphoma can do this, too) Butterfly appearance. Can arise from a lower grade astrocytoma. Endovadcular proliferation and necrosis are key features. Path: tumor cells will align in a row around areas of necrosis (pseudopallisating) |
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Primary CNS lymphoma characteristics. |
Common in immunocomprimisednpatients. Can cross corpus callosum. Often cakes to ventricles and grows out from there. Path: lymphocytes surrounding a blood vessel. Hypersegmented nuclei. 85-90% of primary CNS lymphoma arrive from B cells, could stain with CD 20 marker. |
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Oligodendroglioma |
Fried egg appearance (similar to normal oligodendroglia in white matter) with primitive vessels (chicken wire pneumonic). Loss of heterozygosity for 1p and 19q is favorable prognostic factor to respond to chemo |
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Ependymoma |
4th ventricle. Histo: rosettes (the only tumor other than blastomas that do). Can form fake rosettes or true lumen in the middle. |
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Pituitary adenoma most commonly secretes what? |
Dopamine |
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Meningioma |
Arise from meningothelial cells of arachnoid. Sheets of nuclei with indistinct cell borders--meningothelial whorls which cancalcify-->psammoma bodies (Purple on H&E). Stain positive for epithelial membrane antigen |
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Scwannoma |
Common at CPA on CNVIII. Arise from Schwann cells of any peripheral nerve. Path: adjacent dense and less dense cell areas. Pallidus ding nuclei abut cytoplasm (Vercoray bodies) |
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CNS mets |
Lung and breast Ca Mets common because they are common. Melanoma and RCC predilection for CNS. Often at gray-white junction with associated edema. |
