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68 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Risperidone, Haloperidol, Clozapine, Olanzapine, Quetiapine
|
Inhibition of dopamine D2
receptors |
HUNTINGTON'S, ANTIPSYCHOTIC
|
|
Fluoxetine
|
Serotonin uptake inhibitors
|
HUNTINGTONS
|
|
Tetrabenazine
|
Inhibition of dopamine
uptake into vesicles (VMAT), results in the degradation of dopamine |
HUNTINGTONS
|
|
Bromocriptine, Pergolide
|
Dopamine D2 receptor
agonist & D1 partial agonist |
PARKINSONS
|
|
Ropinirole,Pramipexole
|
Dopamine D2 & D3
receptor agonist |
PARKINSONS
|
|
Tolcapone,Entacapone
|
Inhibitors of catechol-Omethyltransferase,
inhibits dopamine breakdown |
PARKINSONS
|
|
Selegiline
|
Inhibitor of monoamine
oxidase B isoenzyme, inhibits dopamine breakdown in striatum |
PARKINSONS
|
|
Trihexyphenidyl, Benztropine mesylate
|
Blocks cholinergic
muscarinic receptors |
PARKINSONS
|
|
Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Rufinamide
|
Prolong fast inactivation
of voltage gated sodium channels |
ANTICONVULSANT
MOOD STABILIZER (Carbamazepine) |
|
Lamotrigine
|
Prolong fast inactivation
of voltage gated sodium channels in addition may block some glutamate release & calcium channels |
ANTICONVULSANT, MOOD STABILIZER
|
|
Topiramate
|
Prolong fast inactivation
of voltage gated sodium channels in addition activates hyperpolarizing K+ currents, increase activity at GABAA CLchannels, some inhibition of glutamate AMPA-kainate channels and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor |
ANTICONVULSANT
|
|
Lacosamide
|
Prolong slow
inactivation of voltage gated sodium channels |
ANTICONVULSANT
|
|
Valproic acid,
Divalproex or Valproate |
Prolong fast inactivation
of voltage gated sodium channels, increase activity at GABAA CL channels, reduce T-type Ca+2 channel activity |
ANTICONVULSANT, MOOD STABILIZERS
|
|
Zonisamide
|
Prolong fast inactivation
of voltage gated sodium channels, increase activity at GABAA CLchannels, reduce T-type Ca+2 channel activity and carbonic anhydrase, inhibitor |
ANTICONVULSANT
|
|
Clonazepam
|
Potentiate GABA’s
ability to open the GABA CL- channel (increase channel opening frequency) |
ANTICONVULSANT
|
|
Pentobarbital
|
Potentiate GABA’s
ability to increase duration of GABA CL- channel openings, at high concentrations can open directly |
ANTICONVULSANT, GENERAL ANESTHETIC
|
|
Vigabatrin
|
Inhibits the breakdown
of GABA |
ANTICONVULSANT
|
|
Tiagabine
|
Blocking re-uptake of
GABA |
ANTICONVULSANT
|
|
Ethosuximide, Zonisamide, Trimethadione
|
Reducing current
through the T-type Ca+2 channels |
ANTICONVULSANT (absence seizures)
|
|
Gabapentin
|
Unknown mechanism
but thought to inhibit voltage-sensitive calcium channels |
ANTICONVULSANT
|
|
Levetiracetam
|
Binds to a protein
(SV2A) on vesicles and inhibits their release. Overall decrease in neurotransmitter release. |
ANTICONVULSANT
|
|
Felbamate
|
Blocks the “open state”
of the NMDA channels. |
ANTICONVULSANT
|
|
Retigabine
|
Neuronal potassium
channel (KCNQ/Kv7) opener. |
ANTICONVULSANT
|
|
Carbidopa/Levodopa
|
Levodopa is
decarboxylated to form dopamine in the CNS; Carbidopa is added to levodopa since it inhibits the breakdown by the GI tract. |
PARKINSONS
|
|
Lidocaine
|
Blockade of Voltage gated sodium channels (VGSC)
|
LOCAL ANESTHETIC
|
|
Morphine
|
Acts at mu GPCR to cause opening of K+ channels and blocks VGCC
|
PAIN OPIOD
|
|
Codeine
|
Acts at mu GPCR to cause opening of K+ channels and blocks VGCC (less potent then morph)
|
PAIN OPIOD
|
|
Fentanyl
|
Acts at mu GPCR to cause opening of K+ channels and blocks VGCC---yet Mu agonist, 100 times more potent than morphine
|
PAIN OPIOD
|
|
Tubocurarine
|
Skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist
|
NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKER
|
|
Pancuronium
|
Skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist, long duration of action
|
NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKER
|
|
Succinylcholine
|
Skeletal muscle nicotinic channel agonist
|
NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKER
|
|
Dantrolene
|
Blocks calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum by blocking the ryanodine receptor.
|
SPASMOLYTICS (Hyperthermia, ALS, MS)
|
|
Baclofen
|
GABAsubB agonist (GPCR inhibitory coupling)
|
SPASMOLYTICS (ALS, MS)
|
|
Botulinum Toxin
|
Inhibits release of acetylcholine at the NMJ
|
SPASMOLYTICS (ALS, MS)
|
|
Aspirin
|
Irreversible COX inhibition
|
PAIN NSAID
|
|
Ibuprofen, Naproxen
|
Reversible COX inhibition
|
PAIN NSAID
|
|
Celecoxib
|
Irreversible COX2 inhibition
|
PAIN NSAID
|
|
Dexamethasone, Prednisone
|
Increase levels of lipocortin that inhibits phospholipase A2, decreasing inflammatory mediators
(oral admin) |
PAIN STERIODS
|
|
Sumatriptan
|
5HT1B and 5HT1D agonists
|
TRIPTANS (migraines)
|
|
Latanoprost
|
Prostaglandin FP receptor agonist (Increases uveoscleral (pressure-independent) outflow)
|
OCULAR PHARM (increase outflow)
|
|
Riluzole
|
Inhibits glutamate release, Antagonist at NMDA and Kainate- type glutamate receptors, Antagonist at voltage-dependent sodium channels;
Diminish neuroexcitotoxicity |
ALS
|
|
Neostigmine
|
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors (reversible AChE inhibitors) Tend to not cross the BBB
|
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS, OCULAR HYPERTENSION (increase outflow)
|
|
Chlordiazepoxide, Diazepam
|
Potentiate GABAs ability to open the GABAA chloride channel (increase channel opening frequency
|
ANXIOLYTIC LONG BENZO
SPASMOLYTIC (Diazepam) |
|
Midazolam,Triazolam,Lorazepam
|
Potentiate GABAs ability to open the GABAA chloride channel (increase channel opening frequency)
|
ANXIOLYTIC SHORT BENZO
|
|
Eszopiclone, Zolpidem, Zaleplon
|
Potentiate GABAs ability to open the GABAA chloride channel (increase channel opening frequency)
|
ANXIOLYTIC NONBENZO SED-HYPNO
|
|
Buspirone
|
5-HT1A receptor partial agonist
|
ANXIOLYTIC NONBENZO SED-HYPNO
|
|
Thiopental, Phenobarbital
|
Increase duration of GABAA chloride channel openings, at high concentrations can open directly
|
ANXIOLYTIC BARB
GENERAL ANESTHETIC (Induction--Thiopental) |
|
Clonidine
|
Agonist at NE autoreceptors (alpha2), Inhibits the release of more NE
|
PTSD, OCULAR HYPERTENSION (inhibit aq humor)
|
|
Propranolol
|
Antagonists at beta adrenergic receptors, blocks NE activity at beta receptors
|
PTSD, OCULAR HYPERTENSION (inhibit aq humor)
|
|
Atomoxetine
|
Inhibits the reuptake of NE
|
ADHD
|
|
Methylphenidate
|
Inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and NE
|
ADHD
|
|
Amitriptyline, Imipramine, Nortriptyline
|
Norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitors; (Nortrip 2nd gen)
|
DEPRESSION TCA
|
|
Bupropion
|
Norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake inhibitors----also inhibits some dopamine reuptake
|
DEPRESSION TCA (2nd gen)
|
|
Nefazodone
|
Mainly inhibits 5-HT2 receptors but also inhibit uptake of NE, 5-HT, & DA
|
DEPRESSION TCA (further gen)
|
|
Venlafaxine, Duloxetine
|
Selectively inhibits NE & 5-HT uptake
|
DEPRESSION SSNRI
|
|
Citalopram,Paroxetine, Sertraline, Escitalopram
|
Serotonin uptake inhibitors
|
DEPRESSION SSRI, OCD, TOURETTE'S
|
|
Phenelzine
|
Inhibit the breakdown of norepinephrine, serotonin &dopamine
|
DEPRESSION MAOI
|
|
Lithium
|
Inhibits neuronal PI turnover inhibiting second messenger activity
|
MOOD STABILIZER
|
|
Fluphenazine, Haloperiodol
|
Antagonist at dopamine D2, D4, D1, adrenergic α1, serotonin 5-HT2, histamine H1, muscarinic receptors
|
ANTIPSYCHOTIC (typical)
|
|
Aripiprazole
|
Partial agonist at dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT1a
|
ANTIPSYCHOTIC (atypical)
along with Risperidone, Olanzepine, Clozapine, Quetiapine |
|
Donepezil
|
Inhibits the breakdown of acetylcholine, hence more Ach remains in the synapse
|
ALZHEIMERS AChE
|
|
Memantine
|
Blocks the “open-state” of NMDA glutamate channels causing a decrease in the influx of calcium
|
ALZHEIMERS NMDA antagonist
|
|
Modafinil
|
Increase the release of norepinephrine, dopamine and histamine by possibly increasing orexin (hypocretin) neuron activity
|
NARCOLEPSY/SLEEP APNEA
|
|
Desflurane, Sevoflurane, Isoflurane, Enflurane, Halothane (not used)
|
Enhance GABA at the GABAA chloride channel & may enhance glycine at glycine channels. Some potassium channel agonist activity.
|
GENERAL ANESTHETIC-- HALOGENATED VOLATILE GAS (Sustained)
|
|
Nitrous Oxide, Xenon
|
Inhibit glutamate gated NMDA ion channels, Some potassium channel agonist activity.
|
GENERAL ANESTHETIC (Sustained)
|
|
Etomidate, Propofol
|
Enhance GABA at the GABAA chloride channel & may enhance glycine at glycine channels.
|
GENERAL ANESTHETIC IV (Induction)
|
|
Ketamine
|
Inhibit glutamate gated NMDA ion channels
|
GENERAL ANESTHETIC IV (Induction)
|
|
Alphaxolone
|
???
|
GENRAL ANESTHETIC NEUROSTERIOD
|