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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
From what origin does the internal ear derive?
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Otic vesicle
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From what origin does the middle ear derive?
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1st pharyngeal pouch, ossicles from 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches
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From what origin does the external ear derive?
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1st pharyngeal groove and mesenchymal hillocks associated with 1st and 2nd arch
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From what initial tissue is the membranous labyrinth formed?
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Surface ectoderm
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From what tissue is the otic vesicle formed?
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Surface ectoderm
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What appear as ectodermal thickenings on each side of the rhombencephalon at day 22 of the developing inner ear?
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Placodes
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What will otic pits detach to form during the inner ear?
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Otic vesicles
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Epithelial structures of the inner ear
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Membranous labryinth
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Components of the membranous labryinth of the inner ear are formed during what?
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As otic vesicle differentiates into dorsal and ventral parts
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Dorsal part of the otic vesicle
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Utricular
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Ventral part of the otic vesicle
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Saccular
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What does the utricular part of the otic vesicle give rise to?
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Semicircular duct and utricle
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What does the saccular part of the otic vesicle give rise to?
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Saccule and cochlear duct
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From what tissue does the bony labyrinth of the inner ear form?
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Mesenchyme (mesoderm)
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What makes up the bony labyrinth?
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Semicircular canal, cochlea, vestibule
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What does the cochlear duct form?
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Membranous cochlea
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Scala media AKA
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Membranous cholear duct
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The remaining connection between choclear duct and saccule
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Ductus reuniens
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The cartilage of the bony cochlea becomes vacuolized to form what?
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2 perilymphatic spaces: scala vestibuli and scala tympani
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Membrane between scala vestibuli and cochlear duct
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Vestibular membrane
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Membrane between scala tympani and cochlear duct
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Basilar membrane
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Point of attachment of cochlear duct to cartilage
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Spiral ligament
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What fills the scala vestibuli and scala tympani?
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Perilymph
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What fills the membranous labyrinth, including the cochlear duct?
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Endolymph
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Spiral organ AKA
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Organ of Corti
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Where does the organ of Corti lie?
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Basilar membrane
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What innervates the hair cells of the organ of Corti?
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Spiral or cochlear ganglion
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Where do the bipolar cells of the spiral or cochlear ganglion develop from?
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Otic placode and neural crest
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Portion of the saccular region that remains after the cochlear duct is formed.
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Saccule
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What is the semicircular duct filled with?
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endolymph
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What does the ampulla form on the end of?
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Semicircular ducts
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Where are sensory receptors formed in the ampulla of the inner ear?
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(Crista ampullaris)
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What 3 structures in the inner ear develop sensory receptors?
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ampulla of the semicircular duct, utricle and saccule
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What sensory receptors does the utricle develop?
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Macula utriculi
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What sensory receptors does the saccule develop?
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Macula sacculi
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Where is the auditory part of CN VIII found?
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Organ of Corti (SSA)
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Where is the vestibular division of CN VIII found?
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Vesitbular ganglion (SSA)
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What innervates the sensory receptors of the inner ear? (macula utriculi, macula sacculi and crista ampullaria)
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Vestibular ganglion
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From what is the tympanic cavity and eustachian tube of the middle ear formed?
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1st pharyngeal pouch
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Where are the ossicles located?
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Tympanic cavity
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What make up the ossicles?
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Malleus, incus and stapes
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From what do the malleus and incus of the middle ear develop?
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1st pharyngeal arch (mandibular)
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From what does the stapes of the middle ear develop?
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Second pharyngeal (hyoid) arch
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What is the tympanic cavity lined with?
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Endodermally derived epithelium
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Postnatally, what extends to form the mastoid air cells?
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Tympanic cavity
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From what does the tensor tympani muscle derive?
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1st arch
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What innervates the tensor tympani?
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Trigeminal (V3 mandibular division)
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From what does the stapedius muscle derive?
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2nd arch
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What innervates the stapedius muscle?
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Facial nerve (SVE)
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What dissolves to help form the eardrum in the 7th month?
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Meatal plug of external ear
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What is the auricle made up of?
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6 auricular hillocks (mesenchyme proliferations)
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What does the auricle form around?
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1st pharyngeal groove and dorsal ends of 1st and 2nd arches
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What is a feature of several sydromes, including 1st arch syndrome and chormosomal abnormalities?
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External ear malformation
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What are two types of congenital deafness?
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Neurosensory and Conduction
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What will Rubella do in the 1st trimester?
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damage to organ of Corti
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What type of congenital deafness would abnormal development of the cochlea, CN VIII or brain stem cause?
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Neurosensory deafness
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What type of congenital deafness would the persistence of meatal plug, fixation of footplate of stapes involve?
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Conduction deafness
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What responds to linear acceleration and the force of gravity?
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Utricle and Saccule
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What responds to angular acceleartion?
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Semicircular ducts of the utricular portion
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What part of the saccular portion of the inner ear is involved in hearing?
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Chochlear duct (organ of Corti)
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What contains the vestibular gangion of CN VIII?
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Internal auditory meatus of the utricular portion
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What contains the spiral ganglion of CN VIII?
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Modiolus of the bony labyrinth of the saccular portion
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What moves the malleus and what innervates it?
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Tensor tympani by V3
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From what membrane does the tympanic membrane develop?
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Pharyngeal membrane 1
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What innervates the tympanic membrane?
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CN 9 and V3
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What is the embryologic explanation of auricular appendages?
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Formation of accessory auricle hillocks
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