Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What area of the brain tends to be depleted in conservatives?
|
The right entorhinal cortex (subcortical telencephalic)
|
|
What are the two components of the peripheral nervous system?
|
-Somatic Nervous system and the autonomic nervous system
|
|
What are the three components of the Autonomic NS?
|
-Sympathetic NS
-Parasympathetic NS -Enteric NS |
|
The somatic NS conveys what kind of information and in what direction?
|
-conveys sensory information from the internal and external environments to the CNS (afferent/input)
-conveys motor information from the CNS and to the skeletal muscles (efferent/output) |
|
The Autonomic NS is specialized to innervate smooth muscle. Describe which smooth muscle groups each component innervates.
|
-Sym: innverates smooth muscles of the blood vessels to dilate to allow blood to flow to teh skeletal muscles. SPORT mode.
-Parasympathetic: COMFORT Mode. Innvervates smooth muscles involved in peristalsis of the GI tract to digest food and constricts blood vessels leading to peripheral body parts -enteric - maintains the smooth muscle of the gut |
|
Where is the prosencephalon located?
|
Rostral end of neural tube
|
|
What does the prosencephalon give rise to by the 5 vesicle stage?
|
Telencephalon and Diencephalon and lateral ventricles
|
|
What does the mescencephalon give rise to by the 5 vesicle stage?
|
mesencephalon and third ventricle
|
|
Where is the rhombencephalon located on the neural tube>
|
Caudal end
|
|
What does the rhombencephalon give rise to by the 5 vesicle stage?
|
metencephalon and the myelencephalon and fourth ventricle
|
|
What is significant about the 4-5 week stage of development in regards to the brain?
|
All of the major divisions have are visibly distinct.
|
|
After 11 weeks, the expanding _________ have overgrown the diencephalon
|
cerebral hemispheres/telencephalon
|
|
Where is the cerebral aqueduct located?
|
In the midbrain
|
|
What cranial nerve synapses on the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract?
|
Vagus
|
|
Stimulation of the vagus nerve releives what symptoms?
|
pain, depression, seizures
|
|
Where does the Nucleus of the solitary tract project?
|
hypothalamus (diencephalon)
|
|
What is the myelencephalon?
|
medulla oblongata
|
|
what is in the metencephalon?
|
Pons, cerebellum, cerebral peduncles
|
|
What is a nickname for the cerebellem? (has to do with interneurons)
|
The great comparator
|
|
What is the role of the Pons?
|
crosses signals from right CNS into left cerebellum and vice versa
|
|
What is the role of the Locus Coeruleus and where is it located?
|
-in the metencephalon, in the pons
-site of norepinephrine production, plays role in stress modulation |
|
What are the mes___ structures?
|
-Substantia Nigra
-Ventral Tegmental Area - just ventral to substantia nigra -Cerebral Gray (PAG) -Raphe Nuclei - 5HT source -Red Nucleus Cerebral Peduncles, colliculi, |
|
What are the Di____ structures
|
Thalamus -
Hypothalamus- Dorsal to mammilary bodies and optic chiasm, and pituitary which connects via the infundibulum |
|
What does the central sulcus mark the boundary of?
|
the parietal and frontal lobe
|
|
What is the cingulate gyrus involved in, and where is it located?
|
Dorsal to the corpus callosum and involved in the emotions
|
|
Patients with hardcore depression that have no other way out, can opt to have this part of the brain lesion-ed:
|
cingulate gyrus
|
|
What is the Precuneus Gyrus and where is it located?
|
It is an area of the brain in the infereior parietal lobe that is involved in cognition (determined via MRI)
|
|
What are the major subcortical telencephalic parts?
|
-basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus)
-amygdala * -hippocampus * -nucleus accumbens -septal nuclei* -nucleus basalis * = involved in emotions |
|
what are loss of cells in the nucleus basalis correlated with?
|
alzheimers
|
|
what parts of the basal ganglia make up the dorsal striate?
|
caudate and putamen
|
|
which major subcortical tel___lic structure is a part of the ventral striatum?
|
nucleus accumbens
|
|
Which reward circuitry structures project to the nucleus accumbens?
|
VTA, substantia nigra, Prefrontal cortex, amygdala, thalamus, hippocampus,
|