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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neuron Definition & Structure |
Basic structural and functional unit of NS Structure: highly specialized, no mitosis |
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Structure of a neuron (3) - describe each |
Cell body - nucleus & most cytoplasm Dendrites - conduct impulses toward cell bodies; highly branched = large surface area for synapses Axon - conducts impulses away from body |
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Nerve coverings, list & describe |
Endoneurium - CT over individual axon Fasicle - group of axons Perineurium - CT around fasicle Epineurium - CT surrounds entire nerve, contains blood supply, adipose |
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Classification of Neurons Functional (3) - definition, list and describe |
Functional: direction of impulses - Sensory/afferent - receptor to CNS, arriving to CNS -Motor/efferent - to muscle/gland from CNS, exiting CNS -Association/interneurons - connections btwn sensory & motor in CNS; MOST COMMON |
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Classification of Neurons Structural (3) - definition, list and describe |
Structural: # of processes extending from cell body-Bipolar = rare, special senses (nose, ear, retina)-Multipolar =many dendrites and 1 axon -Most motor-Unipolar = single process divides into 2, Most sensory |
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Area of Innervation |
Somatic afferent / efferent Visceral afferent / efferent |
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Cell body (4) |
Nissl bodies - specialized ER, gives dark color Nuclei - group of cell bodies in CNS Ganglia - group of cell bodies IN PNS Gray matter - darker tissue bc high number of cell bodies |
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Axon (7) |
Axon hillock - tapered region of axon where it exits Axon collaterals - side branch of axon, allows it to innervate more than 1 target Axon terminals / telodendria - branches at end of axon Synaptic end bulbs / terminal boutons - enlarged tip of axon terminal, contain vesicle w/ neurotransmitters White matter - tissue lighter in color bc bundles of myelinated axons Nerve = bundle of axons in PNS, held by CT Tract = bundle of axons in CNS |
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Draw organization of NS |
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Functions of Nervous System (3) |
Sensory - monitors ext & int environment Motor - regulates response of other body systems to maintain homeostasis Integration - of information for appropriate response (higher brain function, instincts) |
