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26 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

What are the two types of cells in the NS

Glial cells (support), neutrons (functional cells/ nerves)

What are the 3 types of neurons

Sensory, inter, motor

Where do action potentials occur within myelinated neurons

Only at nodes of Ranvier

What is saltatory conduction

Jumping effect of an action potential on a myelinated neuron

What must a stimulus must reach for an action potential to fire

A threshold

What is a synapse

AKA synaptic cleft. The tiny space between two neurons

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers. Carry signal across synapse

What are acetylcholine and cholinesterase

Ace: excitatory cholin: breaks down acetylcholine

Is norepinephrine excitatory or inhibatory

Can be both

What does an inhibitory neurotransmitter do

Hyperpolarizes the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron, makes it so message can’t be sent. Na+ rushes in

Where is white matter and grey matter in the brain?

White: inside grey: outside

Where are white and grey matter in the spinal cord

White: outside grey: inside

What are 3 regions of the brain

Hind, mid, forebrain

Hindbrain parts

Cerebellum, medulla oblongata, pons

Midbrain location and function

Beginning of brain stem. Relay centre for eyes and ears

Forebrain parts and function

Parts: cerebrum, cerebral cortex


Function: coordinating centre for sensory info and voluntary motor actions

Forebrain parts

Corpus callosum, thalamus, hypothalamus, olfactory bulb

Sensory somatic system

Senses and responds to external environment. Part of the PNS.

Autonomic nervous system functions

Responds to internal environment

What is the autonomic NS controlled by

Hypothalamus and medulla oblongata

What do ciliary muscles do when focusing on something far

Relax and lens becomes flat

Hyperopia

Farsighted. Needs convex lens

Myopia

Near sighted, need concave lens

Astigmatism

Misshapen lens or cornea

Cataracts

Cloudy lens or cornea

Glaucoma

Pressure in aqueous humid