Nervous System

Front 1

Medulla Oblangata

Back 1

enlarged extension of spinal cord, main reflex center, cardiovascular center-- controls heartbeat respirations bld vessel diameter

Front 2

Pons

Back 2

helps medulla directly superior to medulla

Front 3

Midbrain

Back 3

visual/ auditory area superior part of brainstem

Front 4

Diencephalon

Back 4

part of brain with Hypothalamus and thalamus

Front 5

Hypothalamus

Back 5

heartbeat, bllod vessels, reg. of sleep cycles, appetite control, emotions, center for autonomic nervous system inferior, involuntary

Front 6

thalamus

Back 6

superior, only afferent neurons, sends sensory images to brain, relays impulses from sense organs to cerebrum

Front 7

cerebrum

Back 7

main part of brain, largest, gyri, sulci and fissures, consciousness, thinking, memory, sensations, vision, hearing. emotions, willed movement, normal speech, right and left hemisphere

Front 8

corpus callosum

Back 8

connects right and left hemispheres

Front 9

gyri

Back 9

ridges

Front 10

sulci fissures

Back 10

grooves

Front 11

primary motor area

Back 11

initiates volutanry action of muscles

Front 12

Broca's area

Back 12

allows one to say words

Front 13

Auditory association area

Back 13

perceive sound

Front 14

Wernicke's area

Back 14

allows you to translate thought to word

Front 15

Cerebellum

Back 15

production of smooth coordinated movements, maintains posture, maintains equilibrium

Front 16

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

Back 16

Stroke, destruction of neurons of motor area of cerebrum, due to hemorrhage or cessation of blood flow, poor oxygen supply, leads to hemiplegia

Front 17

Cerebral Palsy

Back 17

childhood, permanent, but nonprogressive damage to motor control, spastic contractions

Front 18

spastic contractions

Back 18

involutary contractions

Front 19

paraplegia, hemiplegia, triplegia, quadriplegia

Back 19

both legs, one side of body, both legs and on arm, all limbs.

Front 20

Dementia

Back 20

memory loss, loss of attention span, loss of intellect, personality changes, loss of motor control

Front 21

Alzheimer Disease

Back 21

plaques and tangles in brain tissue, interrupt transmissio at synapses

Front 22

Seizure disorders

Back 22

sudden bursts of neuron activity, mild= consciousness, motor conrtol sensory perception, server= jerky involuntary muscle contractions or unconsciuosness

Front 23

epilepsy

Back 23

recurring seizures, due to tumors trauma chemical imbalances, treated with drugs that block neurotransmitters

Front 24

Cauda equina

Back 24

fan of spinal nerves at end of spinal cord

Front 25

White matter

Back 25

surrounds grey matter, masses of mylenated axons

Front 26

gray matter

Back 26

butterfly shaped dendrites/cell bodies of axons in teh white matter

Front 27

Meninge

Back 27

membrane surounding spinal cord

Front 28

pia mater

Back 28

inermost membrane covers spinal cord

Front 29

dura mater

Back 29

outermost membrane attaches to inside of vertebrae

Front 30

arachnoid

Back 30

traps cerebrospinal fluid b/w it and the pia mater

Front 31

ventricle

Back 31

spaces deep within brain,

Front 32

lateral, third, fourth ventricle

Back 32

wierd curve shaped ventricle, under lateral ventricle, venttricle at bottom

Front 33

cerebral aqueduct

Back 33

connects 3rd and 4th ventricle

Front 34

Cerebrospinal fluid

Back 34

fluid that is filtered out of blood that circulates throughout spinal cord and brain

Front 35

Choroid plexus

Back 35

capiliaries that filter cerebrospinal fluid out of blood

Front 36

Spinal nerves

Back 36

31 pairs of these

Front 37

cervical pairs, thoracic, lumbar sacrospinal coccygeal

Back 37

8,12,5,5,1

Front 38

dermatones

Back 38

areas supplied by a single spinal nerve

Front 39

neuritis

Back 39

inflammation of nerve

Front 40

neuralgia

Back 40

nerve pain

Front 41

Sciatica

Back 41

inflammation of sciatic nerve in thigh

Front 42

Bell's Palsy

Back 42

compression/ degeneration of facial nerve, paralysis of facial features

Front 43

Shingles

Back 43

viral infections, virus travel sover sensory nerve to skin of single dermatone, results in swollen red vesivles that rupture, preceeded by burning and itching

Front 44

Autonomic nervous system

Back 44

efferent nerves that regulate incoluntary functions, miantains homeostasis, heart, bld vessels, hollow internal organs

Front 45

sympathetic nervous system

Back 45

emergency system, during strees, strenuous exercise, strong emotions, fight or flight

Front 46

Parasympathetic Nervous system

Back 46

in control of normal everyday conditions

Front 47

hypertension/ heart disease

Back 47

high blood pressure, weakens heart and bld vessels, stress induced

Front 48

ulcers

Back 48

stress ionduceddue to changes in digestive secretion

Front 49

Neuroblastoma

Back 49

tumor of sympathtic nervous system exaggereated sympathetic effects increased heart rate sweating high bld pressure