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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CNS
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brain and spinal cord
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PNS
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all of the nerves that conduct impulses in and out of the brain and spinal cord
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PNS is divided into 2 parts
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Somatic and autonomic
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Autonomic
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all of the nerves that conduct impulses to and from smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
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somatic
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conduct impulses to ans from skeletal muscles
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Autonomic contains 2 division
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sympathetic and parasympathetic
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Sympathetic
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Emergency nervous system, flight or fight, and speeds up all the body activity
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Parasympathetic
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House keeping. maintains normal body activities
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Neuron
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highly specialized nerve cell that transmit impulses called action potential
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3 types of neurons are
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Sensory, motor, association
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Sensory
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Conduct action potential from inside and outside of environment into the central nervous system called afferent
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Motor
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Conduct action potential from motor cortex of brain out to effectors (muscles)-efferent!!
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Association
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Internuncial and interneuron located in the connecting neuron that connects sensory and motor neurons
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Dendrites
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Nerve fibers that receive impulses from other neuron of from the encivronment and move them toward the cell body
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Cell body (soma or perikaryon)
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where you find cytoplasm and most of the organelles
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Chromatophyllic substances
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(nissl body) rough endoplasm reticulum
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Neurofibrils
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Protein structures that support the cell body and give its shape
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lipofuschin pigment
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givrs the cell body its yellowish color
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Axon Collateral
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Side branches also begin after it triggers
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neuroglia
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nerve tissue that insulates, protect, nurishes, support neuron
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Types of neuroglia
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6 types of glial cells, 4 of them are the only in CNS, 2 of them are only in PNS
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1st type of neuroglia (in CNS)
Ostrocytes |
make neurotransmitter: also maintain potassium ion balance which is required to conduct nerve impulses
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2nd type of neuroglia (in CNS)
Oligodendrocytes |
Produces myelin: fatty insulator that covers axons
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3rd type of neuroglia (in CNS)
Microglia |
phagocytes: destroys bacteria in CNS
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Ependismal cells (4th type of neuroglia in CNS)
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contain cilia that helps circulate CSF
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PNS glial
Neuralemma cytes |
Schwann Cells: forms myelin on nerves that are outside the brain and the spinal cord of CNS
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PNS glial
Satellite cells |
support cell bodies of the peripheral axons
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